Changes in serum fatty acid and lipoprotein subclass concentrations from prepuberty to adulthood and during aging

Abstract

Concentrations in serum were determined for 18 fatty acids (FAs) and 21 lipoprotein main and subclasses by chromatographic analyses and the average size was calculated for very low density (VLDL), low density (LDL) and high density (HDL) particles. 283 ethnic Norwegian children and adults from the rural Fjord region of Western Norway were compared with the objectives to reveal patterns and gender differences during the development from prepuberty to adulthood and during aging in adults. Both genders showed a large increase in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from child to adult. Males, but not females, show a significant increase in most C16–C18 FAs from prepuberty to adulthood. These changes in males correlate to a pattern of increased concentrations of triglycerides, VLDL and LDL particles, especially the atherogenic subclasses of small and very small LDL particles. Furthermore, concentrations of medium, large and very large HDL particles decrease, while concentration of very small HDL particles increase leading to reduced average size of HDL particles. Females only showed significant increase in concentrations of small and very small LDL particles, very small HDL particles and apolipoprotein B. While EPA and DHA continued to increase during aging in women, no validated model for connecting age to FA profile was obtained for men. Women showed significant increase in concentrations of all subclasses of LDL particles during aging, while men exhibited a more complex pattern with increase also in apolipoprotein A1 and HDL particles.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11306-016-0968-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Serum fatty acid and lipoprotein subclass concentrations and their associations in prepubertal healthy Norwegian children

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Fig. 1 Principal component (PC) scores before ( a , b ) and after ( c , d ) the median difference correction (Rajalahti et al 2016 ) to reduce systematic analytical differences between the three batches. Five samples from run 1 were reanalyzed in run 2 and 3.

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“…The measurements of the second batch were corrected by adding the median difference between the five replicates for each variable to all samples in batch 2. This procedure, called median difference correction (MDC) (Rajalahti et al 2016 ), was repeated to correct systematic differences between the third and first batch. The merits of the correction was validated in three ways: (i) by doing a PLS-DA on the corrected data and inspect the SR plot (see Supplementary Material 2), (ii) by performing PCA of the replicates after MDC (Fig.…”

“…The pattern differs between genders and races (Freedman et al 2000 , 2001 ; Johnson et al 2004 ) and changes occur during childhood and puberty (Stozicky et al 1991 ; Labarthe et al 2003 ; Dai et al 2009 ). Cholesterol levels peak when children are 9–10 years old, then drop during puberty before increasing again during aging in adults (Freedman et al 2004 ; Rajalahti et al 2016 ). Lipoprotein levels are also impacted by diet and physical activity (Williams et al 2005 ; Aadland et al 2013 ), overweight (Pietiläinen et al 2009 ), body fat (Spinneker et al 2012 ) and diseases (Kuller et al 2002 ).…”

Гендерні Особливості Жирнокислотного Та Ліпідного Спектра Плазми Крові В Мешканців Рівнинних Населених Пунктів Закарпатської Області З Різним Трофологічним Статусом

“…Rajalahti та співавт. [11] показали, що в осіб обох статей абсолютна концентрація ейкозапен таєнової і докозагексаєнової кислот зростає від препубертату до дорослого віку (до 40 років). Серед жінок цей процес з віком триває (концен трація да н их кислот і далі підвищується) та продовжує т ься навіть у похилому віці, тоді як серед чоловіків такої тенденції немає.…”

State of Lipid and Fat-Acidic Spectrum of Blood Plasma in the Residents of the Plain Regions of Transcarpathia Depending on Age and Trophological Status

“…Rajalahti with the co-authors [15] showed that for individuals of both genders, absolute concentrations of EPA and DHA increase beginning from prepubertal age to adulthood (up to 40 years). Among women, this process continues with age (EPA and DHA continues to increase) and continues even in the elder age, while there is no such tendency among men.…”