Changes in Synovial Fluid Inflammatory Mediators and Cartilage Biomarkers After Experimental Acute Equine Synovitis

Wang, Guanying; Li, Xinran; Jiang, Renli; Li, Yue; Fan, Xiaojing; Zheng, Yu; Li, Gao

doi:10.1515/bvip-2015-0019

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The study illustrated that in the model group horses it increased sharply after the second week compared with the control group. A significant increase in CTX-II concentration occurred before significant lameness, which was consistent with the previous research ( 28 ). The degradation of type II collagen occurred late, which may be related to the time of action of MMP-13 and the complex helical structure of type II collagen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Changes in synovial fluid biomarkers after experimental equine osteoarthritis

Wang

et al. 2017

Journal of Veterinary Research

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IntroductionThe study aimed to clarify the changes in the concentration of inflammatory mediators, proteases, and cartilage degradation biomarkers in the synovial fluid of joints in an equine osteoarthritis model.Material and MethodsOsteoarthritis was induced in eight Mongolian horses by a sterile intra-articular injection of amphotericin B, which was injected into the left carpal joint in a dose of 2 mL (25 mg/mL). The control group comprised five horses which were injected with an equal dose of sterile physiological saline into the left carpal joint. Synovial fluid was obtained at baseline and every week after injection. Test methods were based on ELISA.ResultsIn the course of the osteoarthritis, the concentration of biomarkers in joint synovial fluid showed an increasing trend. IL-1, IL-6, MMP-9, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, CS846, GAG, HA, CTX-II, and COMP concentrations sharply increased before the onset of significant symptoms of lameness, whereas TNF-α, MMP-2, and MMP-3 concentrations rose sharply after the occurrence of such symptoms.ConclusionThe results obtained confirm that the concentrations of IL-1, IL-6, MMP-9, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, CS846, GAG, HA, CTX-II and COMP increase substantially in equine osteoarthritis, which provides a theoretical basis for the rapid diagnosis of the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Changes in synovial fluid biomarkers after experimental equine osteoarthritis

Wang

et al. 2017

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…For the other doses, joint effusion and cellularity of the synovial fluid were observed, compatible with synovitis and accounting for the presence of pain in some animals. After contact with a joint, LPS triggers marked increases in synovial leukocytes and total protein concentration, in addition to inflammatory biomarkers such as prostaglandin E2, interleukin 1β, and TNF, with a peak occurring as long as 8 h after inoculation and a return to the baseline after 168 h. 31 The changes in our sheep were observed as long as 48 h after LPS administration in phase 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Dose-Finding in the Development of an LPS-Induced Model of Synovitis in Sheep

et al. 2021

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Models of transient synovitis that can be controlled with antiinflammatory and analgesic drugs have been used to studypain amelioration. To this end, we aimed to determine the dose of intraarticularly administered E. coli LPS that inducedsigns of synovitis without systemic signs in clinically healthy male castrated sheep (n = 14). In phase 1, a single dose of LPS(0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 ng in a total volume of 0.5 mL) was administered into the right stifle joint. In phase 2, a dose of LPS (1.0 or 2.0 μg) in 0.3 mL was administered to 4 naïve sheep. In phase 3, 4 sheep from phase 1 were inoculated after a 60 d washout period with either 0.5 or 1.0 μg of LPS. During the first 48 h after LPS administration, the following were performed: assessment of clinical parameters; scoring for lameness, pain on limb flexion, and local swelling; and ultrasonography of the joints were performed. The doses tested during phase 1 produced subtle signs. During phase 2, mild to moderate lameness with no evidence of systemic signs occurred at both doses. In phase 3, clinical responses were similar between the 0.5- and 1-μg doses. Signs of swelling were not observed at any time. Therefore, we consider the 0.5-μg to be the most appropriate for this model, because it was the lowest dose tested capable of causing lameness without signs of systemic inflammation in all animals.

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“…However, comparing our results to those of a previous study where increases in markers of inflammation-synovial white blood cell counts and total protein-were seen in saline injected control joints [49], it is clear that those increases were substantially less than the increases noted here. Other studies have reported that significantly greater increases were seen in a number of synovial biomarkers, such as prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in LPS-injected joints compared to joints injected with a negative control (saline) [28,50]. Considering this clear evidence from earlier reports and the overarching aim to respect the principles of 3 R and reduce the number of animals used, we could not justify adding additional animals as controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Translational Model for Repeated Episodes of Joint Inflammation: Welfare, Clinical and Synovial Fluid Biomarker Assessment

Kearney,

Korthagen,

Plomp

et al. 2023

Animals

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This study investigates repeated low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections in equine joints as a model for recurrent joint inflammation and its impact on animal welfare. Joint inflammation was induced in eight horses by injecting 0.25 ng of LPS three times at two-week intervals. Welfare scores and clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and over 168 h post-injection. Serial synoviocentesis was performed for the analysis of a panel of synovial fluid biomarkers of inflammation and cartilage turnover. Clinical parameters and a final synoviocentesis were also performed eight weeks after the last sampling point to assess the recovery of normal joint homeostasis. Statistical methods were used to compare the magnitude of response to each of the 3 LPS inductions and to compare the baseline and final measurements. Each LPS injection produced consistent clinical and biomarker responses, with minimal changes in welfare scores. General matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and joint circumference showed greater response to the second LPS induction, but response to the third was comparable to the first. Gylcosaminoglycans (GAG) levels showed a significantly decreased response with each induction, while collagen-cleavage neoepitope of type II collagen (C2C) and carboxypropetide of type II collagen epitope (CPII) showed quicker responses to the second and third inductions. All parameters were comparable to baseline values at the final timepoint. In conclusion, a consistent, reliable intra-articular inflammatory response can be achieved with repeated injections of 0.25 ng LPS, with minimal impact on animal welfare, suggesting potential as a refined translational model of recurrent joint inflammation.

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Changes in Synovial Fluid Inflammatory Mediators and Cartilage Biomarkers After Experimental Acute Equine Synovitis

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Changes in synovial fluid biomarkers after experimental equine osteoarthritis

Changes in synovial fluid biomarkers after experimental equine osteoarthritis

Dose-Finding in the Development of an LPS-Induced Model of Synovitis in Sheep

A Translational Model for Repeated Episodes of Joint Inflammation: Welfare, Clinical and Synovial Fluid Biomarker Assessment

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