Changes in the content and constituents of the cuticular wax of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in relation to needle ageing and tree decline in five European forest areas

Prügel, Bärbel; Loosveldt, Pascal; Garrec, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1007/bf00202126

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…5a-Androstan and Hexatriacontane (nC36) were added as internal and recovery standards, respectively. Marseille et al (1999), Prügel (1994), Rommerskirchen (2006) and Rumpel & Wiesenberg (unpublished).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reconstructing Quaternary vegetation history in the Carpathian Basin, SE-Europe, using n-alkane biomarkers as molecular fossils: Problems and possible solutions, potential and limitations

Zech¹,

Buggle²,

Leiber³

et al. 2010

E&G Quaternary Sci. J.

108

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Abstract. Seit einigen Jahren gibt es zunehmend Studien, die, basierend auf der Untersuchung von fossilen Holzkohlen und Schneckenschalen aus Löss-Paläoboden Sequenzen, die traditionelle Vorstellung von weitestgehend baumlosen Steppen im Karpaten-Becken während der letzten Kaltzeit in Frage stellen. Mit unseren Arbeiten versuchen wir anhand von Biomarkern einen Beitrag zu dieser Diskussion zu leisten und herauszufinden, welches Potenzial in der Untersuchung von Alkan Biomarkern für die Rekonstruktion der Vegetationsgeschichte während der letzten glazialen Zyklen steckt. Kürzlich veröffentlichte erste Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass der Degradationsgrad der pflanzenbürtigen organischen Substanz einen starken Einfluss auf das Alkanmuster in Böden hat und dass der in der Literatur häufig verwendete Alkanquotient nC31/nC27 kein reiner Vegetations-Proxy ist, sondern auch maßgeblich die unterschiedliche Degradation widerspiegelt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit führen wir daher erstmals einen End Member Modellierungsansatz ein, bei dem der Degradationsgrad der organischen Bodensubstanz mit berücksichtig wird. Das Modell wird auf die Loess-Paläoboden Sequenz Crvenka auf dem Bačka Loess Plateau (Serbien) zwischen Donau und Theiss angewendet. Die so für den letzten Interglazial-Glazial-Zyklus rekonstruierte Vegetationsgeschichte bestätigt die Holzkohle- und Mollusken-Befunde und deutet auf Gras-Steppen während des letzten Interglazials und -stadials hin (Marine Isotopenstadien (MIS) 5 bzw. 3). Die Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass Steppen während des gesamten letzten glazialen Zyklus vorgeherrscht haben. Für das letzte Interglazial und das Interstadial der Marinen Isotopen Stufe (MIS) 3 deuten die Biomarker Befunde auf reine Grassteppen hin. Dagegen prägten in den Glazialen vermutlich auch vereinzelte Bäume das Landschaftsbild einer ‚Taiga-Steppe’. Die so rekonstruierte Vegetationsgeschichte steht im Einklang mit den Holzkohle- und Schneckenfunden, wie auch mit Ergebnissen von Klima- und Biom-Modellierungen.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Die Fehlerbalken kennzeichnen die Standardabweichung. Nach Daten von Zech et al (2008a) Marseille et al (1999), Prügel (1994), Rommerskirchen (2006) und Rumpel & Wiesenberg (unveröffentlicht).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Reconstructing Quaternary vegetation history in the Carpathian Basin, SE-Europe, using n-alkane biomarkers as molecular fossils: Problems and possible solutions, potential and limitations

Zech¹,

Buggle²,

Leiber³

et al. 2010

E&G Quaternary Sci. J.

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the acid rain-heavy metal experiment, the epicuticular waxes of Monterey pine {Pinus radiata) wettability response to pH 3 H2SO4 became visible (Franich, Wells & Holland, 1978), Norway spruce first in older, naturally 'weathered' needles which {Picea abies) and Sitka spruce {Picea sitchensis) had been formed before the experiment started, (Priigel, 1994), but never in Scots pine.…”

Section: Wax Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicuticular wax of subarctic Scots pine needles: response to sulphur and heavy metal deposition

et al. 1997

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SUMMARYThe response of epicuticular wax of Scots pine {Pinus sylvestris L.) needles to dry-and wet-deposited sulphur and heavy metals was investigated at six sites located 10-110 km from the Monchegorsk Cu-Ni smelter on the Kola Peninsula, North-West Russia, and in a long-term irrigation experiment where pines were exposed over four growing seasons (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994) to either acid rain treatment at pH 3-1 (HgSO^), metal treatment at pH 5-7 (Cu and Ni) or a combination of these at pH 3-1. Needle wettability exhibited a closer relationship with epistomatal wax tube distribution (WTD) than with chemical composition of epicuticular wax. Water droplet contact angles (DCA) decreased towards the smelter, and significant differences due to site were noted for 26-month-old and 38-month-old needles. Significant differences due to site were determined for secondary alcohols, dehydroabietic acid and hydroxy fatty acids, the proportions of which ranged from 22-5 to 48-9%, 6-2 to 22-4% and 0-6 to 2-6% respectively, depending on site and needle age class. The proportion of dehydroabietic acid increased towards the smelter, but no gradient was observed in the proportion of secondary alcohols or hydroxy fatty acids. No major effect of experimentally applied pollutants on the chemical composition or structure of the epicuticular wax was observed. The effect of treatment on DCA was significant in 1993 and 1994 due to a 6-5-13-2 degree greater wettability of the 37^9-month-old acid-treated needles relative to the irrigated or dry controls. Sulphuric acid at pH 3-1 did not increase needle wettability when combined with copper and nickel sulphate in similar concentrations. These data indicate that S deposition, especially H^SO^, plays a more important role in needle surface deterioration than Cu and Ni. Pollutant-induced changes in epicuticular wax structure and needle wettability mimic natural wax ageing, but at an accelerated rate. Changes in wax chemical composition might also be caused by pollutant-induced metabolic changes in elongating needles.

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“…Responses of plants to air pollution may include not only visible lesions but less clearly visible characteristics such as gas exchange, leaf chemistry, and anatomical changes. These less visible plant attributes that could be affected by atmospheric changes are, therefore, being given increasing attention (Kropff, 1987;Luethy-Klause et al, 1990;Prügel et al, 1994).…”

Section: From Mapping Visible Symptoms To Analysing Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analyses of the concentrations of sulphur and molybdenum in tree-rings have been used to track changes in atmospheric conditions in the last 200 years (Guyette et al, 1989). Biochemical compositions of plant leaves change in response to air pollutants (Jäger and Klein, 1980;Luethy-Klause et al, 1990;Friend and Tomlingson, 1991;Prügel et al, 1994). Whether the chemical compositions of tree-rings reflect such changes must yet be tested.…”

Section: Dendrology and Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of air pollution on vegetation from a geographic perspective

Chang

Terwilliger

2000

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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Researchers in many fields seek to understand the effects of anthropogenic changes in atmospheric chemistry on vegetation distributions. Particularly important needs for information from a pragmatic perspective include (1) relationships between short-and long-term metabolic consequences of pollutant uptake to vegetation distributions, and (2) indirect influences of air pollution on plant-community dynamics. Biogeography would be the appropriate discipline to make the most powerful contributions to these needs. This does not only mean gathering research output to show a broader picture. In addition, it means introducing new approaches from various fields in order to deepen understanding of spatial phenomena in the past and present, and to better predict patterns of the future. We review developments in both reductionist and holistic re s e a rch approaches that have effectively enhanced knowledge of how atmospheric emissions affect vegetation. Limitations of these approaches are also discussed. We assume that the contributions of Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing to this line of inquiry are sufficiently appreciated by the bio-and physical geography community to be de-emphasized here. Instead, other approaches better known in more specialized disciplines that are leading to powerful insights from a more restricted sector of the biogeographical community are emphasized. A synthetic core role for physical and biogeography that more fully embraces developments in related disciplines is then proposed.

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Changes in the content and constituents of the cuticular wax of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in relation to needle ageing and tree decline in five European forest areas

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Reconstructing Quaternary vegetation history in the Carpathian Basin, SE-Europe, using n-alkane biomarkers as molecular fossils: Problems and possible solutions, potential and limitations

Reconstructing Quaternary vegetation history in the Carpathian Basin, SE-Europe, using n-alkane biomarkers as molecular fossils: Problems and possible solutions, potential and limitations

Epicuticular wax of subarctic Scots pine needles: response to sulphur and heavy metal deposition

The effects of air pollution on vegetation from a geographic perspective

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