Changing hydrological conditions in the Po basin under global warming

Evaluation of flood frequency under non-stationarity resulting from climate indices and reservoir indices in the East River basin, China

“…Cox et al, 2000;IPCC, 2007;Kurane, 2010). Besides, increasing floods and droughts and accompanying losses are being observed such as Po River, Italian (Coppola et al, 2014) and southern Europe (Vicente-Serrano et al, 2014). Changing characteristics, causes and possible implications behind global warming have been widely reported (e.g., Cox et al, 2000;Mirza, 2002;Zhang et al, 2013a).…”

Economic Impacts of Irrigation-Constrained Agriculture in the Lower Po Basin

“…Climate and hydrological models indicate that such events may occur more often in the future as a result of climate change. The spring peak of annual water discharge is projected to shift from May to April, which, combined with reduced precipitation and discharge in spring and summer, will extend and intensify the hydrological dry season and increase water stress over the basin (up to þ25% in this century according to estimations) (Coppola et al 2014;Medri et al 2013;Vezzoli et al 2015). Despite the medium to long term planning instruments provided for by Italian legislation, 4 drought management in the basin relies on reactive measures enacted during drought episodes (Calliari 2011).…”

Climate change impacts on marine water quality: The case study of the Northern Adriatic sea

“…Some parameters may adjust to the new model configuration and physics rather quickly (e.g., 2D currents, waves); some others may take relatively longer time to reflect the effects of the new spatial (horizontal and vertical) resolution, new definition of lateral forcings (such as the river inclusion) etc., possibly originating confined portions with extreme temperatures and salinity values. In any case, even when these problems may be mitigated by the use of a single modeling suite (e.g., Benetazzo et al, 2013) we need to recall that there is still a high and intrinsic uncertainty related to the seasonal variations, e.g., of the river discharges in the context of climate change and future scenarios (see Coppola et al, 2014), especially when related to extreme events that, once included in the modeling framework, may lead to exceptional values (e.g., salinity minima, nutrient maxima, and consequently oxygen hypoxic and anoxic) due to a severe increase of river runoff during very limited periods. Notwithstanding all these aspects, that should however be recalled, we believe it is worth to retain the parameters shown in Fig.…”