Changing pattern of chronic hepatitis D in Southern Europe

Rosina, F.; Conoscitore, P.; Cuppone, R.; Rocca, Giuseppe; Giuliani, Arcangela; Cozzolongo, Raffaele; Niro, Grazia; Smedile, Antonina; Saracco, Giorgio Maria; Andriulli, Angelo; Manghisi, O. G.; Rizzetto, M.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70563-9

Cited by 115 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Although the prevalence of HDV infection has declined in the Mediterranean basin in the last decade, it is still an important public health problem (19). Chronic HDV infection is usually associated with severe histological changes in the liver and a rapidly progressive course that can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and finally death (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha Interferon and Ribavirin Combination Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis D

Kaymakoğlu¹,

Karaca²,

Demır³

et al. 2005

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha Interferon and Ribavirin Combination Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis D

Kaymakoğlu¹,

Karaca²,

Demır³

et al. 2005

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Liver cirrhosis was diagnosed by liver biopsy or on the presence of the characteristics of clinical, biochemical and ultrasound signs [13]. The diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was based on histological and/or imaging findings and on serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, according to accepted criteria [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis delta infection in Italian patients: towards the end of the story?

et al. 2016

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a sex ratio (M/F) of 2.05. The majority (80.3%) of them was 50 years or older, while the proportion of subjects younger than 30 years of age was as low as 3.3%. No difference was detected by geographical area of residence. The presence of liver cirrhosis was diagnosed in 52.4% of cases. In comparison to previous studies, a further shift towards the oldest age groups and an increasing proportion of subjects having liver cirrhosis among all anti-delta-positive subjects are observed. Conclusions Currently, hepatitis delta infection mostly affects old people who have an advanced but indolent liver disease, reflecting a survival effect. The defective hepatitis delta virus is near to disappear in the country, where it has been discovered in the second half of 70s.

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“…Once established, however, cirrhosis caused by HDV may remain stable for years before progressing to liver failure or developing a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with HDV-associated cirrhosis have a probability of survival at 5 and 10 yr of 49% and 40%, respectively (Rosina et al 1999).…”

Section: Helper-independent Hdv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis D Virus Coinfection and Superinfection

Negro

2014

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

113

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HDV is a defective RNA pathogen requiring the simultaneous presence of HBV to complete its life cycle. Two major specific patterns of infection have been described: the coinfection with HDV and HBV of a susceptible, anti-HBs-negative individual, or the HDV superinfection of a chronic HBV carrier. Coinfection mostly leads to the eradication of both agents, whereas the majority of patients with HDV superinfection evolve to chronic HDV infection and hepatitis. Chronic HDV infection worsens the preexisting HBV-related liver damage. HDV-associated chronic liver disease (chronic hepatitis D) is characterized by necroinflammation and the relentless deposition of collagen culminating, within a few decades, into the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. H epatitis D virus (HDV) infection characterizes a subgroup of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients affected by a frequently aggressive form of chronic liver damage (hepatitis D). Because HDV particle assembly and release are dependent on the obligatory presence of HBV within the same hepatocytes, a productive HDV infection is invariably associated with HBV infection. Two major patterns of infection have been described: coinfection with HBV and HDV, or superinfection with HDV of a person chronically infected with HBV. A third minor pattern or helper-independent HDV infection has been reported in the liver transplant setting. Although its existence is questioned, it will be briefly discussed in view of its historical interest. ACUTE HEPATITIS DAcute hepatitis D caused by HBV/HDV coinfection occurs on the simultaneous infection with both HBV and HDV of an individual who is susceptible to HBV (and therefore anti-HBs negative) (Fig. 1). From a clinical standpoint, this entity is indistinguishable from an acute hepatitis B (Smedile et al. 1982). Acute hepatitis D occurs after an incubation time of 1-2 mo. The preicteric phase is characterized by nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue, lethargy, digestive symptoms (anorexia, nausea), and the appearance of the usual biochemical markers, such as elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The icteric phase, which is not always observed,

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Changing pattern of chronic hepatitis D in Southern Europe

Cited by 115 publications

References 12 publications

Alpha Interferon and Ribavirin Combination Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis D

Alpha Interferon and Ribavirin Combination Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis D

Hepatitis delta infection in Italian patients: towards the end of the story?

Hepatitis D Virus Coinfection and Superinfection

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