“…Topic II: Blue carbon ecosystem assessment and sustainable management Seagrasses (dead seagrass, seagrass beds, seagrass meadows), mangroves, coral reefs, kelps, saltmarshes, macroalgae (or seaweeds), benthic microalgae, etc., constitute the blue carbon ecosystem, whose comprehensive benefit is also determined by the size, quality, and extent of the ecosystem [69,71,76,104,110,124,135,136,161,164,165,168,[170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184]. Due to the structural complexity of coastal vegetation ecosystems (root systems, dense vegetation, and leafy canopy in seagrass systems), salt marshes, mangroves, and seagrass beds are capable of efficiently capturing sediment and associated organic carbon from both riverine and oceanic sources [164].…”