Changing the Vision in Smart Food Design Utilizing the Next Generation of Nanometric Delivery Systems for Bioactive Compounds

Abstract

In modern foods, the delivery systems for bioactive compounds play a fundamental role in health promotion, wellbeing, and disease prevention through diet. Nanotechnology has secured a fundamental role in the fabrication of delivery systems with the capability of modulating the in-product and in-body behavior for augmenting bioavailability and activity of bioactive compounds. Structured nanoemulsions and nanoparticles, liposomes, and niosomes can be designed to improve bioactives preservation after ingestion, mucoadhesion, as well as of their release and pathophysiological relevance. In the future, it is expected that the delivery systems will also contribute to augment the efficacy of the bioactive compounds, for example by improving the intestinal absorption and delivery in the bloodstream, as well as promoting the formation of additional bioactive metabolites by regulating the transformations taking place during digestion and the interaction with the intestinal microbiota.

In Vitro Validation of Antiparasitic Activity of PLA-Nanoparticles of Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate against Trypanosoma cruzi

“…These characteristics are possible due to the polarization of PLA nanoparticles, or polymeric nanoparticles, aiding their attachment to membranes and helping to pierce through them. Furthermore, PLA is a component approved by the FDA, and its presence in the literature as a material against T. cruzi is positive, with good prospects regarding its ability to improve efficacy and safety [ 14 , 44 ]. Furthermore, some studies have demonstrated the capacity of PLA nanoparticles to penetrate the cellular membrane and barriers [ 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

“…The PLA has important characteristics that have been demonstrated in the literature that make it useful as a polymer in polymeric nanoparticles. Several studies demonstrate its capacity to reduce cellular toxicity, increase permeability for compounds to enter in cells, and improve bioavailability [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. These characteristics are important for the development of new treatments against T. cruzi in order to reduce the damage caused by new drugs and maintain their efficacy.…”

A Critical Review of the Use of Surfactant-Coated Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine and Food Nanotechnology

“…Nanotechnology is being developed to encapsulate food components into organic nanoparticles to perform various functions. This attempt to improve human health was named “Smart food” by Martínez-Ballesta et al 282 , 283 The components of the nanoparticles used in smart food are selected to have low toxicity in living organisms. Typical examples include polymers (chitosan, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, and PLGA), solid lipids (cholesterol, palmitic acid and stearic acid), and proteins (milk protein, nisin, and zein) ( Figure 2 B).…”

Enhancement of oral bioavailability of natural compounds and probiotics by mucoadhesive tailored biopolymer-based nanoparticles: A review

“…They usually consist of a lipophilic core (nanoliposome or nanoemulsion) loaded with the bioactivewhich may in turn be lipophilic or notsurrounded by a polysaccharide layer (Donsi & Ferrari, 2020), for example, algae oil nanoemulsions coated with various prebiotic carbohydrate combinations such as octenyl-succinic anhydride (OSA) starch, OSA-inulin (IN), OSA-maltodextrin (MD) or OSA-chitosan (CS) (Wang et al, 2020). These authors observed that hydrogen bonds established between OSA and CS, and in turn electrostatic interactions between IN-CS-OSA, favoured oxidative stability and greater encapsulation efficiency.…”