Channel effect in isomeric ratio of 137m,gCe produced in different nuclear reactions

The nuclear channel effect in the isomeric ratio of the reaction products

“…Natural cadmium consists of 8 isotopes Cd-106, Cd-108, Cd-110, Cd-111, Cd-112, Cd-113, Cd-114 and Cd-116 with abundances of 1.25, 0.89, 12.49, 12.80, 24.13, 12.22, 28.73 and 7.49%, respectively [32]. Therefore when irradiated by 24 MeV bremsstrahlung, gamma rays of the isomeric pair 115m,g Cd as product 116 Cd(γ, n) 115m Cd reaction are seen very clearly (see Fig.…”

The isomeric ratios in (n, γ) neutron capture reactions on 108Pd and 110Pd nuclei

“…The losses of gamma ray activities due to the self-absorption and coincident summing effects, which lead to the error in the isomeric ratio determination, were corrected by formulas (1) and (2), taken from Refs. [23,28], respectively as below:…”

“…The IR measurements for neutron capture reactions were determined by different methods depending on the life-time of isomeric and ground states and excitation energy of isomeric states: neutron time-of-flight measurements [17], the 4π barium fluoride detector [18], the BaF 2 γ-ray detector array [19,20] and activation method [23][24][25]. In this work, we have studied the IRs in (n, γ) reactions induced by thermal, resonant and mixed thermal-resonant neutrons on 108 Pd and 110 Pd nuclei by the activation method as the reaction product life-time are efficiently long.…”

“…The more detailed description of this neutron source can be found in Ref. [22,23]. The neutrons were simultaneously obtained through (γ, n) nuclear reaction of Be as well as (γ, f) photo-fission and (γ, n) reactions of U with the 24 MeV end-point energy bremsstrahlung produced by an electron beam from the accelerator.…”