Chapter 14 Persistent Organic Pollutants in Malaysia

Ibrahim, Md. Sani

doi:10.1016/s1474-8177(07)07014-3

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…), Blood cockle (Anadara granosa) and Mullet (Valamugil sp.) at 0.3-8.2, 0.27-3.54 and 0.1-5.2 ng/g, respectively, from the same area [18]. These reports indicate the presence of endosulfan, dieldrin and heptachlor residues at the rice fields areas in Malaysia.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…), Blood cockle (Anadara granosa) and Mullet (Valamugil sp.) at 0.02-0.50, 0.01-0.70 as well as 0.02-0.8 ng/g, respectively, in the Straits of Malacca, Malaysia [18]. Heptachlor concentration was also found in Catfish (Arius sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Endosulfan concentration was reported in Snakehead (Channa striatus), Javanese carp (Puntius gonionotus), Gourami (Trichogaster sp.) and Climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) at 0.8-4.8, 1.1-4.8, 0.4-3.9 and 0.4-4.2 ng/g, respectively, from the Peninsular Malaysia rice fields [18]. Dieldrin concentration was observed in Catfish (Arius sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Determination of Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) for Endosulfan, Heptachlor and Dieldrin Pesticides to African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus and Their Impact on Its Behavioral Patterns and Histopathological Responses

Islam

Amin

Brown³

et al. 2021

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pesticides such as endosulfan, heptachlor and dieldrin persist in aquatic environments as a result of their resistance to biodegradation. However, there is no adequate information about the toxicity of endosulfan, heptachlor and dieldrin to the aquatic organism, African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)—a high valued widely distributed commercially interesting species. The current experiment was performed with the aim to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50) of endosulfan, heptachlor and dieldrin to African catfish (Clarias gariepinus); their behavioral abnormalities and histopathological alterations in several vital organs. A total of 324 juvenile fish were exposed for 96 h to six concentrations of endosulfan and dieldrin at 0, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004, 0.008 and 0.016 ppm, and to heptachlor at concentrations of 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 and 0.32 ppm for dose-response tests. The study demonstrated that the species is highly susceptible to those contaminants showing a number of behavioral abnormalities and histopathological changes in gill, liver and muscle. The 96-h LC50 value of endosulfan, dieldrin and heptachlor for the African catfish was found as 0.004 (0.001−0.01) mg/L, 0.006 mg/L and 0.056 (0.006−0.144) mg/L, respectively. Abnormal behaviors such as erratic jerky swimming, frequent surfacing movement with gulping of air, secretion of mucus on the body and gills were observed in response to the increasing exposure concentrations. Histopathological alterations of liver, gill and muscle tissues were demonstrated as vacuolization in hepatocytes, congestion of red blood cells (RBCs) in hepatic portal vein; deformed secondary lamellae and disintegrated myotomes with disintegrated epidermis, respectively. These findings are important to monitor and responsibly manage pesticide use in and around C. gariepinus aquacultural areas.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) for Endosulfan, Heptachlor and Dieldrin Pesticides to African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus and Their Impact on Its Behavioral Patterns and Histopathological Responses

Islam

Amin

Brown³

et al. 2021

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…albopictus could be due to the ecology of Ae. albopictus with breeding sites near vegetation in agricultural settings where they may have been exposed to dieldrin when this insecticide was still used in agriculture for the control of soil insects [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting patterns of insecticide resistance and knockdown resistance (kdr) in the dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Malaysia

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundKnowledge on the extent, distribution and mechanisms of insecticide resistance is essential for successful insecticide-based dengue control interventions. Here, we report an extensive resistance profiling of the dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus across Malaysia and establish the contribution of knockdown resistance mechanism revealing significant contrast between both species.MethodsAedes mosquitoes were collected from four states in Malaysia in 2010 using ovitraps and tested against six major insecticides using WHO bioassays. Knockdown resistance (kdr) was investigated in both species.ResultsA moderate resistance to temephos was detected from samples collected in 2010 in Penang, Kuala Lumpur, Johor Bharu and Kota Bharu (1.5 < RR < 3.3). A widespread and multiple resistances was observed in Ae. aegypti particularly against pyrethroids, DDT and bendiocarb. Mosquitoes from Kuala Lumpur consistently had the highest resistance levels and was the only population showing a moderate resistance to malathion (91% mortality). The resistance profile of Ae. albopictus contrasted to Ae. aegypti with full susceptibility to pyrethroids except in Kuala Lumpur where moderate resistance is observed. PBO synergist assays suggest metabolic resistance mechanisms play a major role in resistance in both species. Two kdr mutations, F1534C and V1016G, were detected in Ae. aegypti across Malaysia but neither of these mutations were found in Ae. albopictus. Additionally, signatures of selection were detected on the Voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Ae. aegypti but not in Ae. albopictus. The presence of the 1534C allele was significantly associated with pyrethroid resistance and an additive effect to pyrethroid resistance was observed in individuals containing both kdr alleles.ConclusionsFindings from this study will help to design and implement successful insecticide-based interventions against Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus to improve dengue control across Malaysia.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0797-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

“…For the sediments, DDT levels were found in range not detected to 59.19 ng/L (Figure 2). Previous study by Ibrahim [51] reported the levels in the range of 38.3-78.3 ng/g in sediment, in 1998. This means that, although HCHs and DDTs still have the risk of an adverse effect, they have decreased since 1998.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and fate of HCH isomers and DDT metabolites in a tropical environment–case study Cameron Highlands–Malaysia

Saadati

Abdullah

Zakaria³

et al. 2012

Chemistry Central Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe serious impact effects of persistent organic pollutants such as organochlorine pesticides, especially dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane family (DDTs) and hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs) have been causing widespread concern, despite effective control on their manufacturing, agricultural and vector practices. In that, in addition to the previous global limitations on DDTs usage, α-HCH, β-HCH and lindane have also became an on-going topic of global relevance based on the latest Stockholm Convention list on 10th of May 2009. Concentrations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane family (DDTs) and hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs) were determined by GC-ECD in Cameron Highlands, the main vegetables and flowers farming area in Malaysia as an agricultural tropical environment. A total of 112 surface water and sediment samples at eight points were collected along the main rivers in the area namely Telom and Bertam in the dry and wet seasons of 2011.ResultsTotal concentration of HCH isomers ranged from not detected to 25.03 ng/L in the water (mean of 5.55 ±6.0 ng/L), while, it ranged from 0.002 to 59.17 ng/g (mean of 8.06±9.39 ng/g) in the sediment. Total concentration of DDT and its metabolites in the water samples varied from not detected to 8.0 ng/L (mean of 0.90±1.66 ng/g), whereas, it was in the range of 0.025 to 23.24 ng/g (mean of 2.55±4.0 ng/g) in the surface sediment samples. The ratio of HCHs and DDTs composition indicated an obvious historical usage and new inputs of these pesticides. Among alpha, beta, gamma and delta isomers of HCH, gamma was the most dominant component in the sediment and water as well. Some seasonal variations in the level of selected pesticides were noted.ConclusionsThe results illustrate distribution, behaviour and fate of HCHs, and DDTs have closely connected with topological and meteorological properties of the area beyond their chemical characterizations. The features of environmental circumstances exceed one or more of these characters in importance than the other. Although the results show that the situation is better than 1998, the impact of persistent agrochemicals such as lindane and 4,4′DDE are revealed in a key tropical area of Malaysia.

show abstract

Chapter 14 Persistent Organic Pollutants in Malaysia

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Determination of Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) for Endosulfan, Heptachlor and Dieldrin Pesticides to African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus and Their Impact on Its Behavioral Patterns and Histopathological Responses

Determination of Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) for Endosulfan, Heptachlor and Dieldrin Pesticides to African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus and Their Impact on Its Behavioral Patterns and Histopathological Responses

Contrasting patterns of insecticide resistance and knockdown resistance (kdr) in the dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Malaysia

Distribution and fate of HCH isomers and DDT metabolites in a tropical environment–case study Cameron Highlands–Malaysia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About