Chapter 19 Sea surface salinity: Toward an operational remote-sensing system

Vine, David M. Le; Zaitzeff, J. B.; D’Sa, Eurico J.; Miller, Jerry L.; Swift, C.T.; Goodberlet, M.A.

doi:10.1016/s0422-9894(00)80020-3

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Additionally, only a few airborne experiments had been carried out, mostly with the SLFMR real aperture radiometer (Miller et al 1996, Hollinger 1971), and one with the ESTAR synthetic aperture radiometer (LeVine et al 2000). In 1999 we proposed to ESA the possibility to carry out the WInd and Salinity Experiment (WISE) on the REPSOL Casablanca oil rig (40.72°N 1.36°E), ~50 km offshore of the coast of Tarragona (Spain), and ~115 km south of Barcelona (see Fig.…”

Section: Towards a Better Understanding Of The Impact Of Sea Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the "protected" 1.400-1.427 MHz band is the best choice, these measurements are far from trivial (Miller et al 1996); B, first sea surface salinity map derived from a synthetic aperture radiometer in 2000 (LeVine et al 2000). -Brightness temperature at nadir dependence with sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS) (Swift 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3A). In 2000, LeVine et al obtained an SSS map using the electronically steered thinned array radiometer (ESTAR), the first in-orbit 1D synthetic aperture radiometer (LeVine et al 2000) (Fig. 3B).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From field experiments to salinity products: a tribute to the contributions of Jordi Font to the SMOS mission

Camps¹,

Gabarró²,

Vall-llossera³

et al. 2016

Sci. Mar.

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Summary:This article summarizes some of the activities in which Jordi Font, research professor and head of the Department of Physical and Technological Oceanography, Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC, Spanish National Research Council) in Barcelona, has been involved as co-Principal Investigator for Ocean Salinity of the European Space Agency Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Earth Explorer Mission from the perspective of the Remote Sensing Lab at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. We have probably left out some of his many contributions to salinity remote sensing, but we hope that this review will give an idea of the importance of his work. We focus on the following issues: 1) the new accurate measurements of the sea water dielectric constant, 2) the WISE and EuroSTARRS field experiments that helped to define the geophysical model function relating brightness temperature to sea state, 3) the FROG 2003 field experiment that helped to understand the emission of sea foam, 4) GNSS-R techniques for improving sea surface salinity retrieval, 5) instrument characterization campaigns, and 6) the operational implementation of the Processing Centre of Levels 3 and 4 at the SMOS Barcelona Expert Centre.Keywords: SMOS; radiometry; interferometry; calibration; validation; salinity; soil moisture; sea ice; GNSS-R. De campañas de medidas a productos de salinidad: un tributo a las contribuciones de Jordi Font a la mision SMOSResumen: Este artículo resume algunas de las actividades en las que Jordi Font, profesor de investigación y jefe del Departamento de Física y Tecnología Oceanográfica, del Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC) en Barcelona, ha estado desarrollando como co-Investigador Principal de la parte de la misión SMOS de la ESA, una misión Earth Explorer, desde la perspectiva del Remote Sensing Lab, de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Seguramente, estamos olvidando algunas de sus muchas contribuciones a la teledetección de la salinidad, pero esperamos que esta revisión dé una idea de la importancia de su trabajo. Este artículo se focaliza en los siguientes puntos: 1) las medidas de alta calidad de la constante dieléctrica del agua marina, 2) las campañas de medidas WISE y EuroSTARRS que ayudaron a la definición del modelo geofísico relacionando la temperatura de brillo con el estado del mar, 3) la campaña de medidas FROG 2003 que ayudó a entender la emisión de la espuma marina 4) presentación de las técnicas de GNSS-R para la mejora de la recuperación de la salinidad superficial 5) campañas para la caracterización del instrumento y 6) la implantación del centro de procesado operacional de niveles 3 y 4 en el SMOS Barcelona Expert Centre.Palabras clave: SMOS; radiometría; interferometría; calibración; validación; salinidad; humedad del terreno; hielo marino; GNSS-R.Citation/Como citar este artículo: Camps A., Gabarró C., Vall-llossera M., Blanch S., Aguasca A., Torres F., Corbella I., Duffo N., Turiel A., Portabella M., Ballabrera-Poy J., González-Gambau V., Martínez J., Villarino R., Enrique L., Mo...

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Section: Towards a Better Understanding Of The Impact Of Sea Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

From field experiments to salinity products: a tribute to the contributions of Jordi Font to the SMOS mission

Camps¹,

Gabarró²,

Vall-llossera³

et al. 2016

Sci. Mar.

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“…In this case this is depending on seawater conductivity, that in turn is a function of ocean salinity [6,7,15,17,18,26].…”

Section: Smos (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) Is The Europeanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of SMOS Level 2 Ocean Salinity processing and first results

Font

Boutin

Reul

et al. 2010

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

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International audienceSMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity), launched in November 2, 2009 is the first satellite mission addressing the salinity measurement from space through the use of MIRAS (Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis), a new two-dimensional interferometer designed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and operating at L-band. This paper presents a summary of the sea surface salinity retrieval approach implemented in SMOS, as well as first results obtained after completing the mission commissioning phase in May 2010. A large number of papers have been published about salinity remote sensing and its implementation in the SMOS mission. An extensive list of references is provided here, many authored by the SMOS ocean salinity team, with emphasis on the different physical processes that have been considered in the SMOS salinity retrieval algorithm

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“…Miller et al (1996) published the first SSS map using the airborne Scanning Low Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SLFMR), a 6 beam, real aperture pushbroom radiometer. Le Vine et al (2000) created an SSS map using the Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer (ESTAR), the first 1D synthetic aperture radiometer flown on a plane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Aperture Synthesis Radiometry: Paving the Path for Sea Surface Salinity Measurement from Space

Font

Camps

Ballabrera-Poy

2008

Remote Sensing of the European Seas

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Abstract. This chapter summarises the main objectives and characteristics of the ESA's SMOS mission and its remote sensing applications. The SMOS payload is MIRAS, a new type of instrument in Earth observation: the first two-dimensional aperture synthesis interferometric radiometer. It operates at L-band, has multi-angular and multi-look imaging capabilities, and can be operated in dual-polarisation or full-polarimetric modes. Due to its novelty, the principles of operation, imaging characteristics and its main performance parameters (spatial resolution and radiometric sensitivity and accuracy) are described, as well as the approach selected in the retrieval algorithms of sea surface salinity.

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Chapter 19 Sea surface salinity: Toward an operational remote-sensing system

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

From field experiments to salinity products: a tribute to the contributions of Jordi Font to the SMOS mission

From field experiments to salinity products: a tribute to the contributions of Jordi Font to the SMOS mission

Overview of SMOS Level 2 Ocean Salinity processing and first results

Microwave Aperture Synthesis Radiometry: Paving the Path for Sea Surface Salinity Measurement from Space

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