2007
DOI: 10.1016/s1474-8177(07)05003-6
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Chapter 3 Metal ions speciation in the environment: Distribution, toxicities and analyses

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Cited by 11 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…Discharge of toxic heavy metal ions to the environment causes most harmful issues to the human and ecosystem. For occasion, the industry of ceramic, semiconductors, pharmaceutical, metallurgical, agricultural and petrochemicals contaminates the surrounding water and soil 1 3 . The Cd is one of the toxic heavy metal, which causes nephrotoxicity, flu-like symptoms, renal tubular dysfunction, bone demineralization and cancers even for the intake of trace level through contaminated food and water 4 8 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Discharge of toxic heavy metal ions to the environment causes most harmful issues to the human and ecosystem. For occasion, the industry of ceramic, semiconductors, pharmaceutical, metallurgical, agricultural and petrochemicals contaminates the surrounding water and soil 1 3 . The Cd is one of the toxic heavy metal, which causes nephrotoxicity, flu-like symptoms, renal tubular dysfunction, bone demineralization and cancers even for the intake of trace level through contaminated food and water 4 8 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In such biological environments, ions released may end up as different chemical species that produce different biological impacts [91][92][93]. The ions released from bulk metallic compounds , their speciation and their toxicity are also studied [94]. These processes also occur in inorganic NPs, and there is an increase of reports establishing that cations released from NPs are responsible of detrimental effects [91,95,96].…”
Section: Dissolution and Corrosionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Heavy metals are toxic species that can accumulate in living organisms via the consumption of food and water, breathing, and absorption through the skin [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Heavy metals are considered one of the main sources of pollution in the environment [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Among them, lead and cadmium represent a major concern for public health due to their high toxicity even at low concentrations.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%