Characterisation of five coins from the archaeological heritage of Portugal

Mata, A. L.; Carneiro, André; Neto, M. M. M.; Proença, Luís; Salta, Maria; Mendonça, M.H.; Fonseca, I.

doi:10.1007/s10008-009-0900-8

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is well known [7][8][9][10] that lead does not alloy properly with copper, resulting in the production of segregates of lead instead of a homogeneous mixture of both components. The corrosion process is quite complex in these kind of alloys [11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of PIXE and XRF corrected by Gamma-Ray Transmission for the non-destructive characterization of a gilded roman railing

Ortega-Feliú¹,

Moreno-Suárez²,

Gómez-Tubío³

et al. 2010

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of PIXE and XRF corrected by Gamma-Ray Transmission for the non-destructive characterization of a gilded roman railing

Ortega-Feliú¹,

Moreno-Suárez²,

Gómez-Tubío³

et al. 2010

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…Mezzi found pyromorphite on bronze artifacts from Tharros (Western Sardinia, Italy) [8] and on Cu-based archaeological artifacts from the Mediterranean basin through XRD analysis [45]. Mata and others found pyromorphite on coins from São Pedro, in Fronteira (Alentejo, Portugal) [46,47]. Pyromorphite was also found in one bronze arrowhead from Dengzhou museum in Shandong province, China [48] and two bronze dagger-axes of Western Zhou dynasty unearthed in Baoji, Shaanxi province, China [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyromorphite (Pb 5 Cl(PO 4 ) 3 ) as a corrosion product of bronze has been reported only in the last two decades [8,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Angelini et al described some of artifacts coming from the archaeological site of San Polo d'Enza (Italy) coated with a patina containing pyromorphite [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of phosphatic corrosion products on bronze swords of the Warring States period buried at Lijiaba site in Chongqing, China

Fan¹,

Freestone

2017

Herit Sci

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Corrosion products on three bronze swords found in tombs dating from the Warring States period at Lijiaba site, Yunyang county, Chongqing were characterized by Raman and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopies. The major corrosion products were cuprite, malachite, cerussite and cassiterite, along with the copper and lead phosphates, libethenite and pyromorphite. The presence of libethenite and pyromorphite which have been reported infrequently in bronze corrosion products were attributed to the pH, humidity and phosphorus released by the decomposition of the adjacent bodies in the burial environment.

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“…10 The corrosion products of the secondary level are usual colored and can refer to the preliminary chemical composition of the metal alloy underneath the corrosion and the soil type. 11 When copper and its alloys are present in saline soil environment, chloride ions migrate through the oxide layer or through age cracks forming a greenish compound of nantokite (CuCl). Nantokite forms close to the bulk metal surface and covered with the other corrosion products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mata et al, Characterisation of five coins from the archaeological heritage of Portugal, 495-503 10. Reale et al, Ancient coins: cluster analysis applied to find a correlation between corrosion process and burial soil characteristics, 1-9 11. Allen, A systematic study of the corrosion layers on excavated coins from varying historical periods, 40-74 12.…”

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confidence: 99%

Archaeometallurgical Characterization and Condition Assessment of Ancient Roman Coins from Egypt

Ahmed

Mahgoub

MOHAMED

et al. 2021

Shedet

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This paper presents scientific investigations of three ancient Roman coins excavated from Al Sheikh Zuweid, Sinai city in 2002. A punch of examination and analytical techniques consists of stereo microscope, optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used to study the morphological characteristics of the coins patina, to identify the chemical composition of the metallic core, to determine the corrosion products and to understand the corrosion mechanism. The results indicate that copper is the major element of the three coins with small proportion of silver and tin. The presence of tin in the composition of two coins refers to bronze alloy. The identification of the exact corrosion products is determined by XRD analysis. The results reveal that the corrosion products consist mainly of cuprite and tenorite. Also, the results indicate that the coins were buried in a soil rich in chloride ions due to the presence of copper hydroxychlorides such as paratacmite and atacamite. Metallographic investigation is used to reveal the coins manufacture and identify spatial distribution of the alloy components and phases. Also, metallographic investigation indicates pitting corrosion resulted from the attack of chloride and the occurrence of a "bronze disease" phenomenon. The results of this study can provide valuable information that helping in conservation and preservation of the archaeological coins.

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Characterisation of five coins from the archaeological heritage of Portugal

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

A comparative study of PIXE and XRF corrected by Gamma-Ray Transmission for the non-destructive characterization of a gilded roman railing

A comparative study of PIXE and XRF corrected by Gamma-Ray Transmission for the non-destructive characterization of a gilded roman railing

Occurrence of phosphatic corrosion products on bronze swords of the Warring States period buried at Lijiaba site in Chongqing, China

Archaeometallurgical Characterization and Condition Assessment of Ancient Roman Coins from Egypt

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