Characterisation of the de-agglomeration effects of bovine serum albumin on nanoparticles in aqueous suspension

Tantra, Ratna; Tompkins, Jordan; Quincey, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.08.049

Cited by 97 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The findings confirmed the results of our own studies [25][26][27][28] and those of other groups [23,39,43] that proteins, especially BSA, stabilize different kinds of nanoparticles under physiological conditions. Furthermore, Tantra et al [44] were able to demonstrate a stabilizing effect of BSA for ZnO particles, but these investigations were carried out in deionized water and not in physiological media.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the stability behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles for toxicological studies

2014

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The increasing use of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in sunscreens and other cosmetic products demands a risk assessment that has to be done in toxicological studies. Such investigations require profound knowledge of the behavior of ZnO in cell culture media. The current study was performed to get well-dispersed suspensions of a hydrophilic (ZnO-hydro) and a lipophilic coated (ZnO-lipo) ZnO nanomaterial for use in in vitro tests. Therefore, systematic tests were carried out with common dispersants (phosphate, lecithin, proteins) to elucidate chemical and physical changes of ZnO nanoparticles in water and physiological solutions (PBS, DMEM). Nonphysiological stock suspensions were prepared using ultrasonication. Time-dependent changes of pH, conductivity, zeta potential, particle size and dissolution were recorded. Secondly, the stock suspensions were added to physiological media with or without albumin (BSA) or serum (FBS), to examine characteristics such as agglomeration and dissolution. Stable stock suspensions were obtained using phosphate as natural and physiological electrostatic stabilizing agent. Lecithin proved to be an effective wetting agent for ZnO-lipo. Although the particle size remained constant, the suspension changed over time. The pH increased as a result of ZnO dissolution and formation of zinc phosphate complexes. The behavior of ZnO in physiological media was found to depend strongly on the additives used. Applying only phosphate as additive, ZnOhydro agglomerated within minutes. In the presence of lecithin or BSA/serum, agglomeration was inhibited. ZnO dissolution was higher under physiological conditions than in the stock suspension. Serum especially promoted this process. Using body-related dispersants (phosphate, lecithin) non-agglomerating stock suspensions of hydrophilic and lipophilic ZnO were prepared as a prerequisite to perform meaningful toxicological investigation. Both nanomaterials showed a non-negligible dissolution behavior that strongly depended on the surrounding conditions. Agglomeration of ZnO particles in physiological media is a complex function of particle coating, used dispersants and serum proteins if supplemented. The present study gives a clear guideline how to prepare and handle suspensions with ZnO for in vitro testing and allows the correlation between the chemical-physical particles behavior with findings from toxicological tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the stability behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles for toxicological studies

2014

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“…The same instrument is also able to make zeta-potential measurements, by using a laser Doppler electrophoresis configuration. Detailed protocols for DLS particle size and zeta-potential measurements have been reported elsewhere [8].…”

Section: Dls (Particle Size and Zeta-potential) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first objective concerns issues surrounding development of protocols. This research explores some of the issues associated with dispersing and subsequently characterising CeO 2 in DI water; DI water was used as past results showed good stability when nanoparticles were dispersed in such media as indicated by their high zeta-potential values [8,9]. Results showing the effect of using different deagglomeration tools to disperse the nanoparticles are presented in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical issues surrounding the preparation, characterisation and testing of nanoparticles for ecotoxicological studies

Tantra

Jing

Gohil

2010

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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There is a genuine concern about how engineered nanoparticles affect the environment and this has resulted in a detailed two-part study that is presented in this paper. The first part of the study investigates some of the issues surrounding the dispersion and characterisation of nanoparticle suspensions, which are critical in order to carry out testing for understanding the ecotoxicological properties of nanoparticles in the environment. Cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles were dispersed in de-ionised (DI) water and subsequently characterised using Dynamic Light Scattering and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Results showed that the reliability of data obtained depended heavily on the need to control the dispersion step and to understand limitations associated with current measurement techniques. The second part of the study investigated the fate of nanoparticles when dispersed in three different ecotox media (seawater compared with media of fish and Daphnia), in an attempt to identify initial measurement concerns. Visual sedimentation experiments showed that nanoparticles (within a two day period) were relatively unstable in these ecotox media (relative if dispersion was carried out in DI water). Although most particles aggregated into larger clusters, SEM images showed the presence of nanosize clusters (<800 nm), which were still present in these media. It is the presence of these nanosize particles that will be of utmost concern, if the hypothesis that relates particle size and toxicological activity holds true.

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“…Previous studies described different methods to prepare NP suspension, either directly in the medium by simple agitation (Yang et al 2009;Yuan et al 2010), by using bath sonication (Huang et al 2010;Pujalté et al 2011;Song et al 2010;Xiong et al 2011) or stabilisers such as bovine serum albumin (Tantra et al 2010;Yang et al 2009) to eliminate possible aggregates. However, it was recently recommended to not discard these aggregates since their implication in the toxicity of ZnO NPs in embryo and adult zebrafish (Bai et al 2010;Xiong et al 2011) and human cells (Yuan et al 2010) was demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative cytotoxicity induced by bulk and nanoparticulated ZnO in the fish and human hepatoma cell lines PLHC-1 and Hep G2

Fernández‐Cruz¹,

Lammel²,

Connolly³

et al. 2012

Nanotoxicology

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Navas (2013) Comparative cytotoxicity induced by bulk and nanoparticulated ZnO in the fish and human hepatoma cell lines PLHC-1 and Hep G2, Nanotoxicology, 7:5, 935-952, DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2012 AbstractThe increasing presence of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer products may be having a dramatic impact in aquatic environments. The evaluation of ZnO NP toxicity represents a great challenge. This study aimed at evaluating the cytotoxic effect of micro-and nanosized ZnO in a fish and a mammalian hepatoma cell line. A detailed characterisation of the particles in exposure media showed that ZnO NPs formed large aggregates. ZnO cytotoxicity was evaluated with a battery of in vitro assays including LUCS, a new approach based on DNA alteration measurements. In fish cells, ZnO NP aggregates contributed substantially to the cytotoxic effects whereas toxicity in the human cells appeared to be mainly produced by the dissolved fraction. ROS production did not contribute to the observed cytotoxicity. This work also showed that measuring concentrations of NPs is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying their toxicity.

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Characterisation of the de-agglomeration effects of bovine serum albumin on nanoparticles in aqueous suspension

Cited by 97 publications

References 21 publications

Implications of the stability behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles for toxicological studies

Implications of the stability behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles for toxicological studies

Technical issues surrounding the preparation, characterisation and testing of nanoparticles for ecotoxicological studies

Comparative cytotoxicity induced by bulk and nanoparticulated ZnO in the fish and human hepatoma cell lines PLHC-1 and Hep G2

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