Characteristic Effects upon Growth, Oestrus and Ovulation Induced by the Intraperitoneal Administration of Fresh Anterior Hypophyseal Substance

Evans, Herbert M.; Long, J. A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.8.3.38

Cited by 119 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…To control for fluctuations in learning and spines over the course of the rats' 4 -5 d estrous cycle, vaginal lavage and microscopic determination of vaginal cytology were used to confirm estrous cycle stage (Evans and Long, 1922). Stages of the estrous cycle were monitored daily 5-7 d before initiation of training and before slice preparation for electrophysiology and spine imaging.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Spine Expansion and Learning-Induced Plasticity in Layer 1 Primary Motor Cortex

et al. 2008

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Experience-dependent regulation of synaptic strength in the horizontal connections in layer 1 of the primary motor cortex is likely to play an important role in motor learning. Dendritic spines, the primary sites of excitatory synapses in the brain, are known to change shape in response to various experimental stimuli. We used a rat motor learning model to examine connection strength via field recordings in slices and confocal imaging of labeled spines to explore changes induced solely by learning a simple motor task. We report that motor learning increases response size, while transiently occluding long-term potentiation (LTP) and increasing spine width in layer 1. This demonstrates learning-induced changes in behavior, synaptic responses, and structure in the same animal, suggesting that an LTP-like process in the motor cortex mediates the initial learning of a skilled task.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Spine Expansion and Learning-Induced Plasticity in Layer 1 Primary Motor Cortex

et al. 2008

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“…Disturbance of the fluid microenvironment in pathological conditions, such as cystic fibrosis (Kopito et al 1973) or hydrosalpinx (Mukherjee et al 1996), is known to result in infertility. Cyclic changes in the uterine fluid volume and composition were observed 80 years ago (Evans & Long 1922). It has been proposed that higher uterine fluid production facilitates sperm transport at estrus, and reduced fluid volume at metestrus or diestrus enables closure of the uterine lumen for embryo implantation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory mechanism underlying cyclic changes in mouse uterine bicarbonate secretion: role of estrogen

Chen²,

Wong³

et al. 2010

Reproduction

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Our previous study has demonstrated that bicarbonate in the uterine fluid plays an indispensable role in sperm capacitation. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying the formation of bicarbonate-rich uterine fluid and the regulatory mechanism remained largely unknown. In this study, the expression profiles of bicarbonate transport/production proteins, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), SLC26A6, carbonic anhydrase 2 (CAR2, CA2) and CAR12 (CA12), throughout the estrous cycle, were examined in the mouse uterus by western blot. The results showed that the maximum expression levels of the proteins examined were observed at estrus. Luminal surface pH measurements showed that the resting uterine surface pH at estrus was significantly higher than that at diestrus, which could be reduced significantly by CFTR blocker, diphenylamine-2,2 0 -dicarboxylic acid, SLC26A6 inhibitor, 4 0 ,4 0 -diisothiocyanostilbene-2 0 ,2 0 -disulfonic acid, and CA inhibitor, acetazolamide. In ovariectomized mice and primary culture of endometrial epithelial cells, estrogen could upregulate CFTR, SLC26A6, CAR2, and CAR12 expression with a corresponding increase in the bicarbonate-dependent short-circuit current (I sc ) and endometrial surface pH. The present results have demonstrated dynamic changes in uterine bicarbonate secretion and expression of the proteins involved in bicarbonate secretion during the estrous cycle and suggested a novel role of estrogen in regulating uterine bicarbonate transport, which may be important for successful reproduction.Reproduction (2010) 140 903-910

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“…From the onset of sexual maturity up to menopause, the mean cycle length in the female rat is four days [4,13]. Oestrogen has a half-life of between three and eight hours.…”

Section: Efficacy Of Ovariectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical and histological comparison of the influence of oestrogen deficient state on tendon healing potential in rats

Çirçi

Akpınar

Balçik

et al. 2009

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Thirty-six female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: oophrectomised (oestrogen deficient) rats and sham operated (oestrogen maintained) rats. Rats were sacrificed at six, ten, and 14 weeks. The rats were randomly chosen to have biomechanical evaluation on one side and histological evaluation on the other. Biomechanical testing was performed on an Instron machine to measure peak load. Histological sections were evaluated for cell proliferation, collagen-fibre organisation, fibroblast density, angiogenesis, inflammatory cells, chondroid and osseous metaplasia. Compared with the sham operated group, the oophrectomised group showed a lesser average maximum stress (42.9 N/m 2 versus 33.7 N/m 2 ) at six weeks, which was significant (p<.05). Succeeding weeks showed no significant biomechanical differences between the two groups. The sham operated group showed greater inflammatory response, which was statistically significant (p< 0.05), and also revealed greater cell proliferation and density. The results of this study revealed that endogenous oestrogen may improve healing of the Achilles tendon in rats.

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Characteristic Effects upon Growth, Oestrus and Ovulation Induced by the Intraperitoneal Administration of Fresh Anterior Hypophyseal Substance

Cited by 119 publications

References 0 publications

Transient Spine Expansion and Learning-Induced Plasticity in Layer 1 Primary Motor Cortex

Transient Spine Expansion and Learning-Induced Plasticity in Layer 1 Primary Motor Cortex

Regulatory mechanism underlying cyclic changes in mouse uterine bicarbonate secretion: role of estrogen

Biomechanical and histological comparison of the influence of oestrogen deficient state on tendon healing potential in rats

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