Characteristics and treatment methods for peat water as clean water sources: A mini review

Qadafi, Muammar; Wulan, Diana Rahayuning; Notodarmojo, Suprihanto; Zevi, Yuniati

doi:10.1016/j.watcyc.2023.02.005

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Peat water, found in peatland areas, refers to unprocessed water with distinct characteristics, including its blackish brown color, high pH levels ranging from 2.5 to 3.5, and varying concentrations of organic compounds, non-organic compounds, and microbes, depending on its location. Due to these characteristics, peat water is unsuitable for direct use in various applications, including consumption [1,2]. Direct utilization of peat water without appropriate treatment can lead to various health issues, hence necessitating the implementation of specialized treatment processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Filter Replacement System for Portable South Kalimantan Peat Water Treatment Solar-Powered Using Fuzzy Inference System Takagi-Sugeno-Kang Method

Nugrahadi,

Wianto,

Alwahdy

et al. 2024

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Filtration is a procedure for changing raw water into clean water using filtering media. Over time, the quality of the filtration media will decrease, therefore maintenance needs to be carried out. This research develops a decision support system for membrane filter maintenance in portable South Kalimantan peat water treatment solar-powered, using the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) Takagi-Sugeno-Kang method, which is implemented in a microcontroller system using three input variables, namely turbidity, TDS, and filtration pressure. Based on the tests that have been carried out, the microcontroller system design has provided information on the filter's condition, and the pump actuator can work automatically to determine the appropriate condition of the filter based on changes in the set variable values. The sensors used were tested to determine the accuracy of their readings. Testing the system design compared with MATLAB calculations obtained an accuracy of 96.47%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Filter Replacement System for Portable South Kalimantan Peat Water Treatment Solar-Powered Using Fuzzy Inference System Takagi-Sugeno-Kang Method

Nugrahadi,

Wianto,

Alwahdy

et al. 2024

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…Peat water is utilized to reduce the potassium and chlorine contents in EFB through washing. Peat water is acidic due to the presence of humic acid and fulvic acid [13]. As a result, peat water is effective in dissolving potassium and chlorine because humic acid has the ability to adsorb minerals [14], making it more efficient in dissolving these elements compared to regular water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bio-coal based on empty fruit bunches by torrefaction method with fixed bed and tubular continuous reactors

Martin,

Ginting,

Kurniawan

et al. 2024

Sinergi

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Excessive use of fossil energy has negative impacts, which can cause climate change and environmental degradation. Thus, there is a need to find alternative, more sustainable energy sources. Biomass derived from Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) waste is a newfound renewable energy source. However, its utilization is not optimal due to its low heating value and high chlorine (Cl) and potassium (K) content, which can interfere with combustion. EFB is washed with peat water to reduce potassium and chlorine content, and the torefaction process is used for combustion. This research aims to develop bio-coal production from empty fruit bunches using the torefaction method using fixed beds and continuous tubular reactors. The production process development also aims to obtain a larger production capacity than previous studies. This study uses varying weights of EFB produced into bio-coal, namely 250, 500 and 1000 grams, with a torefaction process temperature of 200°C for 30 minutes. As a result, the peat water flow rate decreased K, Cl and K2O content to the lowest content reduction value, which amounted to 8.31%, 0.42% and 3.96%, respectively. The heating value of bio-coal produced in a fixed bed reactor is 26,166 kJ/kg, while in a continuous tubular reactor, it is 21,720 kJ/kg. Based on these results, the fixed bed reactor shows a higher heating value than the continuous tubular reactor. The heating value obtained from these two types of reactors is comparable to sub-bituminous coal, which is usually used in steam power plants.

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“…2022), and neurological disorders (Ahmed, M. 2019). Consequently, tackling water pollution with access to clean water has induced various methods of water treatment (Qadafi, M. et al 2023). According to research, one of the best ways to treat water is to employ coagulants, which are chemicals that help remove suspended particles, turbidity, and other impurities from water (Devesa-Rey, R. et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Evaluation of Alum Crystals from Waste Aluminum Foils in Turbid Water Treatment

Olabimtan,

Akinlotan,

Omohu

et al. 2023

JIR

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The disposal of waste aluminum foil is a significant environmental concern due to its non-biodegradable nature and potential to contaminate the surrounding ecosystem. In this study, we synthesized alum crystals from waste aluminum foil and evaluated their potential as an effective adsorbent for water treatment. The synthesis process involved the reaction of crushed aluminum foil with sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide to form aluminum hydroxide, which was then converted to alum crystals through a precipitation reaction. Chemical tests were conducted to confirm the presence of different ions in alum solution and solid alum crystals. The tests showed the presence of sulfate ions, potassium ions, and aluminum ions. Additionally, the study examined the effect of different dosages (10 to 100 mg/l) of alum on turbidity removal (triplicate) in water, where increasing the alum dosage led to an increase in turbidity removal, but beyond a certain point, the marginal increase in turbidity removal diminished. A dosage of around 40–50 mg/L was established as optimal for achieving a balance between effective turbidity removal and cost-effective use of alum, using a quadratic relationship to model a non-linear relationship between turbidity removal and alum dosage. This study demonstrates the potential of waste aluminum foil as a valuable resource for the synthesis of alum crystals, which can be used as an effective adsorbent for water treatment. Using waste materials for the synthesis of value-added products not only helps reduce environmental pollution but also contributes to the development of sustainable technologies. The results of this study have significant implications for the development of cost-effective and environmentally sustainable solutions for water treatment.

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Characteristics and treatment methods for peat water as clean water sources: A mini review

Cited by 14 publications

References 91 publications

Membrane Filter Replacement System for Portable South Kalimantan Peat Water Treatment Solar-Powered Using Fuzzy Inference System Takagi-Sugeno-Kang Method

Membrane Filter Replacement System for Portable South Kalimantan Peat Water Treatment Solar-Powered Using Fuzzy Inference System Takagi-Sugeno-Kang Method

Production of bio-coal based on empty fruit bunches by torrefaction method with fixed bed and tubular continuous reactors

Synthesis and Evaluation of Alum Crystals from Waste Aluminum Foils in Turbid Water Treatment

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