Characteristics of hydrogen crossover through pinhole in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Jung, Aeri; Kong, Im Mo; Yun, Chae Young; Kim, Min Soo

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2016.09.009

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…362,533 This results in performance loss by way of gas crossover or signicant inhomogeneity in current density distribution. 534,535 Furthermore, pinhole formation, in particular, is thought to be accelerated by way of combined chemical and mechanical degradation, 536 where gas crossover, growth of pinholes and side/main-chain degradation are all observed. 536,537 Carbon corrosion is most likely to occur during start-up/ shutdown of the fuel cell, where signicant overpotentials arising as a result of an air/hydrogen boundary lead to oxidation of the carbon and gas formation in the form of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Background On Lt-pemfc Astsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…362,533 This results in performance loss by way of gas crossover or significant inhomogeneity in current density distribution. 534,535 Furthermore, pinhole formation, in particular, is thought to be accelerated by way of combined chemical and mechanical degradation, 536 where gas crossover, growth of pinholes and side/main-chain degradation are all observed. 536,537…”

Section: Accelerated Stress Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Challenges and opportunities for characterisation of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: a review

Zucconi,

Hack,

Stocker

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Section: Background On Lt-pemfc Astsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accelerated Stress Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities for characterisation of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: a review

Zucconi,

Hack,

Stocker

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…However, these PEMs are prone to pinholes, a wear phenomenon that leads to performance degradation and early application failure [1][2][3]. Thus, the overarching objective of this research is to develop a self-healing mechanism for pinholes within PEM fuel cell and electrolyzer membranes.…”

Section: Journal Of Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme Immobilization On Polypropylene Film: A Role Model For Biocatalytic Polymer Membranes?

Gartner,

Rudat,

Bilger

et al. 2023

JEN

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Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) technologies hold promise for sustainable energy solutions, yet pinhole-related challenges persist. Our research introduces a novel biohybrid approach to self-healing, enhancing multiple healing cycles with minimal membrane disruption. Initial steps involve immobilizing enzymes on a polymeric membrane. This study establishes the immobilization process and analytical framework through enzyme immobilization on polypropylene. Applicability and stability are investigated, laying groundwork for potential Nafion™ applications and advancing climate neutral energy. Qualitative analysis employs colorimetric p-NPA assay on polypropylene-immobilized lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL) and Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB). Both enzymes hold their temperature optimum at 50°C which is increased by 10°C via immobilization. Diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) is optimal for immobilization. Synchronous enzyme and DIC addition is advantageous. After 8 reuse cycles, immobilized enzymes retain 54.3% residual activity. Immobilizates exposed to PEM fuel cell conditions show better stability due to covalent immobilization than free CRL. Yet, declines occur under stressors like 60 °C and concentrated alcohol. Immobilizates remain resilient at pH 3 and under oxidizing as well as reducing conditions constituted by varied gas atmospheres. Considering PEM fuel cells' operational range, in-depth investigations across conditions are vital. Future studies target long-term PEM fuel cell lifespans, focusing on extremophilic enzymes or modifications for high-temperature stability. Subsequently, the transferability of the immobilization method to Nafion™ shall be deliberated based on the outcomes.

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“…The opencircuit voltages (OCVs) of almost all cross-linked porous membranes are higher than 0.9 V, which indicates that there is no serious fuel crossover. 29,58,59 According to the SEM images in Figure 3, there are dense layers on the upper surfaces of the membranes, which can prevent the fuel crossing. As presented in Figure 8b, the cross-linked membranes prepared using CuO nanowires at a low porogen content generally have preferable fuel cell performance.…”

Section: Oxidative Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing Proton Transfer Channels Using CuO Nanowires and Nanoparticles as Porogens in High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes

Wei

Liang

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Constructing proton-transfer channels is considered as an efficient method to improve the performance of cross-linked phosphoric acid (PA)-doped polybenzimidazoles’ membranes. In this study, copper(II) oxide nanowires and nanoparticles are used for the first time as porogens to construct different proton-transfer channels in a high-temperature membrane. Membranes with different porous structures are successfully prepared. The results indicate that the successful construction of continuous porous proton-transfer channel makes positive contributions to improve the performances of a membrane fuel cell. Among them, a continuous proton-transfer channel (continuous pore structure) can be constructed at a lower porogen content using nanowires (which is indicated in the change of conductivity at the ratio of 3:10). Using nanowires also can enable constructing a more effective proton-transfer channel at the same porogen content (at the ratio of 5:10) than using nanoparticles. However, the increase of porogen content is not conducive to the stability of PA retention. The KH560 cross-linked membrane (3:10W-0.01KH560) achieves excellent comprehensive performances. The results indicate that the membranes prepared using nanowires are promising for actual use in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

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Characteristics of hydrogen crossover through pinhole in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Challenges and opportunities for characterisation of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: a review

Challenges and opportunities for characterisation of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: a review

Enzyme Immobilization On Polypropylene Film: A Role Model For Biocatalytic Polymer Membranes?

Constructing Proton Transfer Channels Using CuO Nanowires and Nanoparticles as Porogens in High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes

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