Characterization and Analysis of the Mortars of the Church of Santo Domingo in Quito (Ecuador)

Calderón, Marco Lenin Lara; Araúz, David Sanz; López-Andrés, Sol; Pino, Inés

doi:10.3390/heritage5040207

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Considering that this church is one of the oldest temples built in the viceroyalty of Quito, in previous publications on Santo Domingo's church, the volcanic nature of the aggregates in the area was identified, while the Company of Jesus' church, one of the later churches built at that time, highlights the discipline of the order that allowed it to experiment with finer and more delicate mortars, such as those made of lime and plaster, as corroborated by previous research [17,35,36].…”

Section: Discussion and Interpretationssupporting

confidence: 55%

Characterization and Analysis of the Mortars of the Church of San Francisco of Quito (Ecuador)

Lara Calderón,

del Pino,

López-Andrés

et al. 2023

Heritage

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The relevance of the Franciscan community is reflected in the San Francisco church in Quito, which was built between 1535 and 1755. This architectural work belonging to the Franciscan complex was implanted on a plot of land with an area of 3.5 hectares and was one of the first buildings in the Audience of Quito. Eleven mortar samples that covered the walls of the central nave and side chapels were taken from the church’s main temple. The procedure proposed by the authors is based on a combined methodology following the standards and protocols for the less-invasive extraction of heritage samples. Tests included X-ray diffraction, petrography, and scanning electron microscopy with a microanalysis of the samples. Mortars with a rustic composition and rough manufacturing were identified to differentiate two types of mortar, one of earthen with volcanic aggregates and another of lime with volcanic aggregates. The mining data validated the existing historical documentation, the imaginary process, and the stages of the established constructions.

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Section: Discussion and Interpretationssupporting

confidence: 55%

Characterization and Analysis of the Mortars of the Church of San Francisco of Quito (Ecuador)

Lara Calderón,

del Pino,

López-Andrés

et al. 2023

Heritage

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“…Their respective locations are illustrated in Figure 3. The sampling procedure was performed according to the UNI EN 16085:2012 norm [29], European standard, equivalent to the UNE-EN 16085:2014 already utilized in Latin America [30]. The collection of the specimens was performed in agreement with the indications of the patronage experts, with original material being selected that was not altered by restoration, in order to have the most complete representativeness of all the lithotypes utilized in the masonry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Stone Masonries and Evaluation of the Environmental Impact in Panamá Viejo: A Contribution for the Conservation of the Monumental Complex

Ciantelli,

Arroyo Duarte,

Vaccaro

et al. 2023

Heritage

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A fundamental step in the best preservation of heritage materials is investigating their chemical and physical characteristics, and understanding how they interact with the surrounding environment. For this reason, the stone masonry of the monumental UNESCO site of Panamá Viejo was subjected to a thorough study to characterize the materials and evaluate their state of conservation. Additionally, potential outcrops were explored in order to identify sites for the supply of raw materials. The methodological approach encompassed mineralogical-petrographic investigations using stereomicroscopy, polarized light microscopy (PLM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (ESEM-EDS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The results revealed that the masonries primarily consists of polygenic breccia, basaltic andesite, rhyodacite, tuffite, and rhyolite. In addition, at the potential quarries, breccia and basaltic andesite were identified. The porous structure was studied using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). Possible issues due to salt dissolution/crystallization cycles were considered. Consequently, ion chromatography (IC) was conducted on samples exhibiting alteration patinas to study the presence of soluble salts. In assessing the state of conservation, prevalent forms of deterioration included biological colonization, detachments, material loss, potential salt weathering, and chromatic alteration. In conclusion, the outcomes of this work provide a valuable resource for the current and future preservation of this site.

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“…Most of the limes studied came from a lime mill in the state of Michoacán, while HP95 came from the state of Puebla (Table 2). Regarding the characterization of traditional, historical and archaeological mortars, we can find some methodologies and proposals in the literature [21][22][23], being interesting topics of study with several examples of heritage monuments [24]. In this research work, the methodology included different testing methods to obtain the physical and mechanical properties of the limes studied.…”

Section: Materials and Preparation Of The Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Mechanical Characterization of Lime Pastes and Mortars for Use in Restoration

et al. 2023

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Slaked lime is traditionally a suitable material for use in construction activities in historic and traditional buildings whose constitutive characteristics demand compatible and appropriate material solutions. Therefore, knowing the physical and mechanical characterization of lime pastes and mortars for use in restoration is considered an important step in the process of scientific development of a material that, in the Mexican case, has lacked scientific rigor in its production, use and commercialization. With this in mind, the present article aims to investigate the characteristics of lime pastes and mortars that have been used in the traditional way and the new limes that exist in the market, offering suitable options for restoration, for which an integrated methodology was used consisting of physical tests such as surface area, electrical resistivity, pulse velocity, colorimetry, and mechanical tests such as compressive strength, giving as a result that “traditional slaked” lime is more likely to deteriorate than powdered lime, which leads us to conclude that powdered hydrated lime has optimal characteristics for restoration activities.

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Characterization and Analysis of the Mortars of the Church of Santo Domingo in Quito (Ecuador)

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Characterization and Analysis of the Mortars of the Church of San Francisco of Quito (Ecuador)

Characterization and Analysis of the Mortars of the Church of San Francisco of Quito (Ecuador)

Characterization of the Stone Masonries and Evaluation of the Environmental Impact in Panamá Viejo: A Contribution for the Conservation of the Monumental Complex

Physical and Mechanical Characterization of Lime Pastes and Mortars for Use in Restoration

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