Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized from Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom

Abstract

This study aimed to biosynthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using Pleurotus ostreatus to achieve a simple ecofriendly method, and further evaluate antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity towards HepG2 and Hek293 cells. The nanoparticles were characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for antimicrobial activity and MTT assay for cytotoxicity were conducted in vitro. The study revealed an efficient, simple, and ecofriendly method for synthesis of ZnO NPs that have antimicrobial activity. UV-Vis showed peaks at 340 and 400 nm, and the bioactive compounds found in the mushroom acted as capping, reducing, and stabilizing agents. TEM characterized NPs as an amorphous nanosheet, with preferential orientation as projected by SAED patterns. The spherical and agglomerated morphology was observed on SEM, with EDX proving the presence of Zn and O, while XRD indicated a crystallite size of 7.50 nm and a stable nature (zeta potential of −23.3 mV). High cytotoxicity on Hek293 and HepG2 cells was noted for ZnO NPs. The study provides an alternative, ecofriendly method for biosynthesis of ZnO NPs that have antibacterial activity and potential use in cancer treatment.

Synergistic Antibacterial Proficiency of Green Bioformulated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Potential Fosfomycin Synergism against Nosocomial Bacterial Pathogens

“…Zeta potential measurement shows that the negative charge of ZnO-NPs was −4.17 mV ( Figure 11 ), and the negative charge was ascribed to the active biomolecules that were cap-sealed across the surface of the biogenic ZnO-NPs [ 75 ]. In addition, the negative charge of ZnO-NPs ensure their good colloidal stability and long term dispersivity [ 76 ].…”

Antimicrobial properties in nanoparticles synthesized by biogenic route

“…Por el otro lado, las investigaciones señalaron como efecto común la aglomeración, recalcando las NPs ZnO [44], [45], [50], lo cual se deba al tamaño de la nanoestructura. La referencia [38] al experimentar con distintas proporcionalidades, concluyo que con una relación 1:1 las nanopartículas obtenidas son menores a 50 nanómetros (nm), y sus aglomerados reducen significativamente (0,50-01,00 µm).…”

“…En cuanto a las nanopartículas de óxido de hierro (FeO) y ZnO, las investigaciones de [24], [28], [30], [32], [44] obtuvieron resultados similares, con volúmenes de extractos menores a 15 mL, obteniendo dimensiones entre los 7-21 nm. A pesar de ello, los estudios [19]- [22], [33], [45] difieren pues al aplicar volúmenes de extracto mayores, obtuvieron nanoestructuras de similar tamaño.…”

“…Los estudios mencionan distintos mecanismos de acción, como la interacción electrostática entre la nanoestructura y la membrana celular [21], [31], [34], [41], [43], a pesar de ello [24], [30] recalcan la rigidez de la membrana de las bacterias gram negativas debido a la presencia de peptidoglucano, lípidos y lipoproteínas; la literatura también considera la digestión del ADN [35], [44].…”

Diversity of Mycogenic Oxide and Chalcogenide Nanoparticles: A Review

“…In another work, the culture liquid of Pleurotus floridanus was used for the synthesis of ZnO nanospheres, and the process parameters were optimized [ 89 ]. A Pleurotus ostreatus fruit body extract was used to synthesize small (average size of 7.50 nm), spherical, highly stable, agglomerated ZnO NPs with antibacterial and anticancer properties [ 90 ].…”