Characterization and modeling of forged Ti-6Al-4V Titanium alloy with microstructural considerations during quenching process

Julien, R.; Velay, Vincent; Vidal, Vanessa; Dahan, Yoann; Forestier, Romain; Rézaï-Aria, Farhad

doi:10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2018.05.023

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…e heat treatment occurred at above 900°C which resulted in the formation of lamellar beta phase and alpha structures which in turn contributed to the enhancement of mechanical properties. A similar observation was also reported by number of researchers [26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a 3 mm Commercially Pure Titanium Plate (CP-Ti Grade 2)

Mpumlwana

Msomi

Fourie

2021

Journal of Engineering

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Titanium is seen as a good material for application in many fields due to its compatibility with different environments. However, it remains unclear whether what happens when this material is exposed to certain high temperatures for longer periods of time. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of heat on a 3 mm commercially pure titanium grade 2 plate at a constant temperature of 900°C at different heating times. Three different heating times were employed in this study: 30 minutes for the first period, 60 minutes for the second period, and 90 minutes for the third period. All heated samples were air cooled to room temperature after each heating period. Microhardness, microstructure, tensile strength, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were performed. All the results were analyzed and compared with the parent sample. It was observed that the heating period influenced microstructural arrangement of the material. The microstructural changes affected negatively the ultimate tensile strength while percentage elongation was improved. The microhardness of the heat treated samples were firstly negatively affected which later jumped and exceeded that of the parent material.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a 3 mm Commercially Pure Titanium Plate (CP-Ti Grade 2)

Mpumlwana

Msomi

Fourie

2021

Journal of Engineering

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“…In recent works [30] , it was shown that at holding up to 10 min in the a + b region with large strains (> 0.4) does not lead to significant softening, and repeated loading does not lead to restrengthening above the level before the interruption. In the region of small deformations in tension, no significant changes in the flow stress after interruption [31,32] are also observed , despite the fact that the stress relaxation significantly increased with increasing temperature.…”

Section: Materials Behaviormentioning

confidence: 92%

Progress and status in wrought processing of titanium alloys

Ледер¹,

Волков²

2020

MATEC Web Conf.

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1. Introduction All the main practical directions and methods of plastic deformation were developed in the 19th century in application for structural steels and in many respects were successfully adapted for titanium alloys taking into account their features: low thermal conductivity, high viscosity, tendency to sticking, gas saturation, hydrogen embrittlement, etc. At the moment, most of the methods: free forging, pressing, sorting and sheet rolling, drawing, etc., are very detailed for particular cases of geometries, mechanical properties and alloys classes. Manufacturers need only to optimize the processes of deformation using a reasonable choice and refinement of technological ranges, optimization of tools and workpieces, approaches to the development of the process. Despite partial repetitions and re-discoveries of already well-known progress, it did not stop, but simply moved to other levels and scales, and without becoming less interesting and succinct, although it may be, giving less ambitious results. 2. Results and discussion General situation Despite the potential threats from alternative technologies: powder technologies and additive technologies, according to [ 1 ], the forging business is growing steadily enough: 60% of surveyed companies stated growth in 2018 by + 5 ÷ 25%, and also in the forecast of growth in 2019 year at about the same pace (Fig. 1 a). For 5 years from 2014, relative stagnation of growth was observed only on the results of 2 years: 2014 and 2017. According to the prevalence of production, titanium alloys, of course, cannot compete with carbon , alloyed and stainless steel , which produce > 50% of forging companies. But titanium alloys are comparable in prevalence with Al and hi temperature alloys (Fig. 1b) , possibly due to use in the same aerospace region. In 2018, almost 20% decrease in the number of forging companies producing titanium and hi temperature alloys , even with the normalization of the results (Fig. 1 c). It is difficult to reconcile with the growing market for aerospace and it is possible that this result is due to the change of the spectrum of companies of choice, or a decrease of number of players due to market globalization wrought titanium alloys .

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“…Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V is widely used in various applications such as automotive, biomedical, aerospace, sports marine etc. [28]. Therefore, its powder and bulk material were selected for the experimental verification.…”

Section: Experimental Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical modeling and finite element simulation of dilution in micro-plasma transferred arc additive manufacturing of metallic materials

Sawant

Jain

Nikam

2019

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

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Dilution in any additive layer manufacturing signifies fusion of a deposition layer with the substrate as well as between the successive deposited layers. It assumes importance because it affects metallurgical bonding and properties of the deposited layers. Evaluation of dilution of a deposition by optical microscopy is more accurate but it is destructive due to requirement of the sample preparation. Monitoring and control of the dilution is also very difficult. Dilution can be predicted either by a theoretical model or finite element simulation (FES). This paper presents development of a generic theoretical model and FES to predict dilution of depositions by micro-plasma transferred arc additive manufacturing (MPTAAM) process. The model and FES predicted values were validated by comparing them with the experimental results of single-layer single-track deposition of Ti-6Al-4V powder on the substrate of the same material for the various parametric combinations of MPTAAM process. Results have shown very good agreement between model and FES predicted values of dilution with the corresponding experimental values. The developed theoretical model is also generic because it depends only on the MPTAAM process parameters and thermal properties of the deposition and substratematerials thus making it applicable for any combination of deposition and substrate materials and for any form of the deposition material. The results showed that dilution increases with increase in microplasma power and relative speed between the worktable and deposition head whereas decreases with increase in volumetric feed rate of the deposition material.

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Characterization and modeling of forged Ti-6Al-4V Titanium alloy with microstructural considerations during quenching process

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a 3 mm Commercially Pure Titanium Plate (CP-Ti Grade 2)

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a 3 mm Commercially Pure Titanium Plate (CP-Ti Grade 2)

Progress and status in wrought processing of titanium alloys

Theoretical modeling and finite element simulation of dilution in micro-plasma transferred arc additive manufacturing of metallic materials

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