Characterization and nucleotide sequence of a chicken gene encoding an opal suppressor tRNA and its flanking DNA segments.

Hatfield, Dolph L.; Dudock, Bernard S.; Eden, Francine C.

doi:10.1073/pnas.80.16.4940

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…These two tRNAsSeT were identical [3] and the primary structure of this tRNA from bovine liver [4] and the tRNA gene structure of chicken were determined [5]. The tRNA plays a suppressor role in in vitro globin synthesis [3], but it is unclear whether phosphoserine on the tRNA is incorporated in a polypeptide chain of protein synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and properties of suppressor seryl‐tRNA:ATP phosphotransferase from bovine liver

Mizutani

Hashimoto

1984

FEBS Letters

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Seryl‐tRNASer CmCA:ATP phosphotransferase was purified 1200‐fold from bovine liver by ultracentrifugation at 150 000 × g, chromatography on DEAE—cellulose, fractional precipitation with ammonium sulfate, chromatography on hydroxyapatite, gel filtration on Sephacryl S‐300 and affinity chromatography on Blue Sepharose. Molecular mass was estimated as 135–145 kDa. The K m values for ATP and ser‐tRNASer CmCA were 2 mM and 21 nM, respectively. This enzyme did not react with ser‐tRNASer IGA, tyr‐tRNA or thr‐tRNA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and properties of suppressor seryl‐tRNA:ATP phosphotransferase from bovine liver

Mizutani

Hashimoto

1984

FEBS Letters

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“…The gene for tRNA [Ser]Sec , designated Trsp, and its 5'-and 3'-flanking sequences that include the upstream regulatory elements and downstream Pol III termination signal, was initially sequenced from chickens (135) and subsequently from a variety of other eukaryotes, including a number of mammals, and Xenopus, Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, Taxoplasma gondii, several species of Plasmodium (46 and references therein), and a variety of other eukaryotes (228 and references therein). With the use of a reverse transcription (RT)-PCR technique, tRNA [Ser]Sec was also sequenced from Chlamydomonas (290), Dictyostelium discoideum, and Tetrahymena thermophila (46).…”

Section: Sec Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenoproteins: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

Labunskyy

Hatfield

Gladyshev³

2014

Physiological Reviews

1,065

835

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Selenium is an essential micronutrient with important functions in human health and relevance to several pathophysiological conditions. The biological effects of selenium are largely mediated by selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins) that are present in all three domains of life. Although selenoproteins represent diverse molecular pathways and biological functions, all these proteins contain at least one selenocysteine (Sec), a seleniumcontaining amino acid, and most serve oxidoreductase functions. Sec is cotranslationally inserted into nascent polypeptide chains in response to the UGA codon, whose normal function is to terminate translation. To decode UGA as Sec, organisms evolved the Sec insertion machinery that allows incorporation of this amino acid at specific UGA codons in a process requiring a cis-acting Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element. Although the basic mechanisms of Sec synthesis and insertion into proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have been studied in great detail, the identity and functions of many selenoproteins remain largely unknown. In the last decade, there has been significant progress in characterizing selenoproteins and selenoproteomes and understanding their physiological functions. We discuss current knowledge about how these unique proteins perform their functions at the molecular level and highlight new insights into the roles that selenoproteins play in human health.

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“…In fact, two opal suppressor phosphoserine tRNAs that arise from a single gene (9)(10)(11) have been identified (7). These isoacceptors manifest several distinctive characteristics that set them apart from all other eukaryotic tRNAs.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…(vii) They are phosphorylated on their serine moiety by a kinase to form phosphoseryl-tRNA (7,13). The genes corresponding to the human (10), rabbit (11), chicken (9), and Xenopus (unpublished results) opal suppressor phosphoserine tRNAs have been isolated and sequenced. The human and rabbit genes are identical in sequence and differ from those of Xenopus and chicken by a single pyrimidine transition at position 11.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(v) They contain an extra unpaired nucleotide within the stem of loop IV (6)(7)(8). (vi) They differ in their primary sequences by several pyrimidine transitions including one in the wobble position of their anticodons (7), and these transitions must occur post-transcriptionally since both species are encoded by the same gene (9)(10)(11)(12). (vii) They are phosphorylated on their serine moiety by a kinase to form phosphoseryl-tRNA (7,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unique pathway of expression of an opal suppressor phosphoserine tRNA.

Lee¹,

Peña²,

Tobian³

et al. 1987

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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An opal suppressor phosphoserine tRNA gene is present in single copy in the genomes of higher vertebrates. We have shown that the product of this gene functions as a suppressor in an in vitro assay, and we have proposed that it may donate a modified amino acid directly to protein in response to specific UGA codons. In this report, we show through in vitro and in vivo studies that the human and Xenopus opal suppressor phosphoserine tRNAs are synthesized by a pathway that is, to the best of our knowledge, unlike that of any known eukaryotic tRNA. The primary transcript of this gene does not contain a 5'-leader sequence; and, therefore, transcription of this suppressor is initiated at the first nucleotide within the coding sequence. The 5'-terminal triphosphate, present on the primary transcript, remains intact through 3'-terminal maturation and through subsequent transport of the tRNA to the cytoplasm. The unique biosynthetic pathway of this opal suppressor may underlie its distinctive role in eukaryotic cells.

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Characterization and nucleotide sequence of a chicken gene encoding an opal suppressor tRNA and its flanking DNA segments.

Cited by 37 publications

References 26 publications

Purification and properties of suppressor seryl‐tRNA:ATP phosphotransferase from bovine liver

Purification and properties of suppressor seryl‐tRNA:ATP phosphotransferase from bovine liver

Selenoproteins: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

Unique pathway of expression of an opal suppressor phosphoserine tRNA.

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