Characterization and Physical and Biological Properties of Tissue Conditioner Incorporated with Carum copticum L.

Hejazi, Maryam; Zareshahrabadi, Zahra; Ashayeri, Sepideh; Saharkhiz, Mohammad Jamal; Iraji, Aida; Alishahi, M

doi:10.1155/2021/5577760

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In addition, antimicrobial agents tend to increase water sorption which further increases the hardening of the material [ 20 ]. Zareshahrabadi et al showed that the viscoelastic modulus of an experimental antimicrobial modified tissue conditioner was reduced indicating increase in hardness value [ 21 ]. In another study by Manior et al, it was concluded that terpinen-4-ol and cinnamaldehyde resulted in increased shore A hardness of experimental and control tissue conditioner over 7 days period [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide

et al. 2022

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This study aims to compare the hardness, sorption and solubility of commercially available tissue conditioner [TC] modified with chitosan [CS] and synthesized chitosan oligosaccharide [COS] in antifungal concentration. COS was synthesized by acid hydrolysis and characterized by FTIR and XRD. Experimental materials were formulated by incorporating each per gram of TC powder with effective antifungal concentration of chitosan 1.02 mg (Group 1: TC-CS) and 0.51 mg COS (Group 2: TC-COS). A commercially available TC was used as control (Group 0: CTC). Shore A hardness test was performed according to ASTM D 2240-05 (2010) standards on samples stored in dry environment, distilled water (DW) and artificial saliva (AS) at 37 °C (n = 5 per group). Percent weight changes (n = 5 per group) after storage in DW and AS was used to record sorption and solubility. One-way Anova with post hoc Tukey’s test was applied. FTIR and XRD confirmed low molecular weight and amorphous nature of COS. Experimental groups had higher Shore A hardness values; however, these changes were not significant. Greatest variations in durometer values (p ≤ 0.05) were observed during the first 24 h. Experimental groups had higher (p ≤ 0.05) percentage sorption and solubility. Samples stored in DW had significantly higher (p = 0.019) sorption, whereas material had higher (p = 0.005) solubility in AS. Mean solubility values in both immersion mediums was highest for Group 2, followed by group 1 and group 0. In addition, significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in solubility upon aging was noted for each material. Experimental tissue conditioner had higher hardness, sorption and solubility. However, these changes are not substantial to interfere with their tissue healing property. Therefore, these materials may be considered and explored further as potential antimicrobial drug delivery agent for denture stomatitis patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide

et al. 2022

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“…Oral infections caused by microorganisms are one of the most common infections worldwide [1,2]. It is now well known that oral infections can have different impacts on people's well-being and life quality, causing pain, discom-fort, and affecting proper physical functions [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Anti‐Biofilm Activities of Thymus fallax Essential Oil against Oral Pathogens

Moshaverinia

Sahmeddini

Lavee

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Aim. Oral infections associated with a wide diversity of microorganisms, including bacteria and yeasts, occur frequently in humans, affecting the whole oral cavity and well-being. Oral pathogens easily grow and propagate in the oral cavity, leading to the formation of dental plaque on both soft and hard tissue. The oral cavity contains up to 700 different species of microorganisms, which Candida and Streptococci are the most common organisms. Oral diseases continue to increase despite the best efforts of the medical and scientific communities. During the past decades, drug resistance to common antibiotics used in the treatment of oral infections has been raised to high levels worldwide. To overcome such resistance, there is a growing tendency to use herbal medicine as alternative. This study was conducted to find out the chemical constitution of Thymus fallax (T. fallax) essential oil and to determine its antimicrobial and anti-biofilm efficacy against common oral pathogens. Materials and Methods. The chemical compositions of the essential oil distilled from T. fallax plants were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against common Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, and Candida strains was assessed by broth microdilution in 96-well plates as suggested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) methods. Biofilm growth and development were assessed using XTT reduction assay. Results. Based on the GC/MS test results, thymol (67.75%) followed by caryophyllene (E-) (7.27%) was the main component of this essential oil. T. fallax inhibited the growth of examined microbial pathogens at concentrations of 0.031-16 μL/mL. Also, the essential oil showed biofilm inhibition of greater than 95% in the concentration of 8 μL/mL against all tested bacterial strains as well as Candida albicans ( p value < 0.05). Conclusions. Considering the significant antimicrobial activities of T. fallax, this essential oil has the potential to be used as further antimicrobial and anti-biofilm pharmaceutical products in the control and treatment of oral infections.

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“…Further, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis in recent studies has indicated thymol as the main ingredient of plant EOs, including that of Carum copticum , Thymus vulgaris , Satureja hortensis L, Carum copticum L, and Trachyspermum ammi . Notably, these EOs showed antibiofilm activity against Candida biofilms ( Khan et al, 2014 ; Sharifzadeh et al, 2016 ; Arabi Monfared et al, 2020 ; Hejazi et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, C. copticum and T. vulgaris EOs could cause a >70% decrease in the hydrophobicity of the cell surface, and reduce hemolysin, and proteinase production ( Khan et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Thymolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds: A Hopeful Promise as an Antibiofilm Agent Against Candida Species

et al. 2022

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The biofilm communities of Candida are resistant to various antifungal treatments. The ability of Candida to form biofilms on abiotic and biotic surfaces is considered one of the most important virulence factors of these fungi. Extracellular DNA and exopolysaccharides can lower the antifungal penetration to the deeper layers of the biofilms, which is a serious concern supported by the emergence of azole-resistant isolates and Candida strains with decreased antifungal susceptibility. Since the biofilms’ resistance to common antifungal drugs has become more widespread in recent years, more investigations should be performed to develop novel, inexpensive, non-toxic, and effective treatment approaches for controlling biofilm-associated infections. Scientists have used various natural compounds for inhibiting and degrading Candida biofilms. Curcumin, cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, terpinen-4-ol, linalool, geraniol, cineole, saponin, camphor, borneol, camphene, carnosol, citronellol, coumarin, epigallocatechin gallate, eucalyptol, limonene, menthol, piperine, saponin, α-terpineol, β–pinene, and citral are the major natural compounds that have been used widely for the inhibition and destruction of Candida biofilms. These compounds suppress not only fungal adhesion and biofilm formation but also destroy mature biofilm communities of Candida. Additionally, these natural compounds interact with various cellular processes of Candida, such as ABC-transported mediated drug transport, cell cycle progression, mitochondrial activity, and ergosterol, chitin, and glucan biosynthesis. The use of various drug delivery platforms can enhance the antibiofilm efficacy of natural compounds. Therefore, these drug delivery platforms should be considered as potential candidates for coating catheters and other medical material surfaces. A future goal will be to develop natural compounds as antibiofilm agents that can be used to treat infections by multi-drug-resistant Candida biofilms. Since exact interactions of natural compounds and biofilm structures have not been elucidated, further in vitro toxicology and animal experiments are required. In this article, we have discussed various aspects of natural compound usage for inhibition and destruction of Candida biofilms, along with the methods and procedures that have been used for improving the efficacy of these compounds.

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Characterization and Physical and Biological Properties of Tissue Conditioner Incorporated with Carum copticum L.

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide

Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide

Antimicrobial and Anti‐Biofilm Activities of Thymus fallax Essential Oil against Oral Pathogens

Natural Compounds: A Hopeful Promise as an Antibiofilm Agent Against Candida Species

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