Characterization of a genetic and antigenic variant of avian paramyxovirus 6 isolated from a migratory wild bird, the red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis)

Abstract

A hemagglutinating virus (8KS0813) was isolated from a red-necked stint. Hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization tests indicated that 8KS0813 was antigenically related to a prototype strain, APMV-6/duck/Hong Kong/18/199/77, but with an 8-and 16-fold difference, respectively, in their titers. The full genome sequence of 8KS0813 showed 98.6 % nucleotide sequence identity to that of APMV-6/duck/Italy/4524-2/07, which has been reported to belong to an APMV-6 subgroup, and showed less similarity to that of the prototype strain (70.6 % similarity). The growth of 8KS0813 and the prototype strain in four different cell cultures was greatly enhanced by adding trypsin. Interestingly, this virus induced syncytia only in Vero cells. 8KS0813 was identified as APMV-6/rednecked stint/Japan/8KS0813/08, but it is antigenically and genetically distinguishable from the prototype strain, suggesting that variant APMV-6 is circulating in migratory birds.Paramyxoviruses are pleomorphic enveloped viruses containing a non-segmented ssRNA genome that replicate in the cytoplasm of host cells. Members of a great variety of mammalian and avian species can be infected with these viruses [12]. Paramyxoviruses isolated from birds are divided into two distinct groups: avian paramyxovirus (APMV) and avian metapneumovirus. APMVs belong to the genus Avulavirus of the subfamily Paramyxoviridae and are divided into nine serotypes, from APMV-1 to -9 [1]. Recently, viruses of three new serotypes, APMV-10, APMV-11 and APMV-12, were isolated from rockhopper penguins, common snipes and wigeons, respectively [2,10,17]. Subgrouping within the APMV serotype has also been Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

Biological and phylogenetic characterization of a novel hemagglutination-negative avian avulavirus 6 isolated from wild waterfowl in China

“…However, in a recent study of the pathogenicity of two AAvV‐6 variant isolates, AAvV‐6/red‐necked stint/Japan/8KS0813/2008 and AAvV–6/duck/Hong Kong/18/199/1977, as representative isolate of genotype I and II respectively, could replicate in respiratory tissues of infected mice and induce respiratory disease, sometimes resulting in death of the infected mice (Bui et al., ). Further researches about the virulence and susceptibility of AAvV‐6 should be include more isolates, since differences of viral propagation properties in same cells were observed between the two variant isolates, owing to the change of host from red‐necked stint to duck and sites where the two variant isolates separated at such a distance to some extent (Bui et al., ). Therefore, the identification and isolation of Hubei isolate is beneficial for the further understanding of HA‐negative AAvV‐6 in this study for the high sequence identity (99.1%–99.2%) with two Jilin isolates (AAvV‐6/mallard/Jilin/190/2011 and AAvV‐6/mallard/Jilin/127/2011) and the same cleavage site with other AAvV‐6 isolates.…”

Characterization of avian paramyxovirus type 6 isolated from a Eurasian teal in the intersection of migratory flyways in Russia

“…The completely sequenced strains duck/Taiwan/Y1/1998, goose/FarEast/ 4440/2003, mallard/Belgium/12245/07, mallard/Jilin/127/ 2011, mallard/Jilin/190/2011, and red-crested pochard/ Balkhash/5842/2013 belong to this subgroup. The second subgroup is represented by strains genetically related to the strains red-necked stint/Japan/8KS0813/2008 and duck/ Italy/IT4524-2/2007 [3,4].…”

Completion of full length genome sequence of novel avian paramyxovirus strain APMV/Shimane67 isolated from migratory wild geese in Japan

“…However, recently, complete genome sequences from prototype of other APMV serotypes have been published [17, 29, 30, 36, 37, 40, 44, 45]. Moreover, the number of reports on complete genome sequences from APMVs other than APMV-1 has been increasing in recent years [1, 3, 4, 6, 15, 18, 22, 33, 39, 41, 42]. In these studies, the phylogenetic trees that were constructed using whole genome or individual genes revealed the correlation between genetic classification and serotyping.…”