Characterization of a spirochaete isolated from a case of bovine digital dermatitis

Demirkan, İbrahim; Williams, H.; Dhawi, A.; Carter, Stuart; Winstanley, Craig; Bruce, Kenneth D.; Hart, C. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02976.x

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present study describes, for the first time, the frequencies of the major treponeme species in BDD lesions in Brazil. Similar results in Europe, North America, and Asia (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) confirm the polytreponemal aspect of this clinical condition.…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

Treponemes Detected in Digital Dermatitis Lesions in Brazilian Dairy Cattle and Possible Host Reservoirs of Infection

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main pathogenic treponemes causing bovine digital dermatitis were identified from 17 infected herds in southern Brazil for the first time in this study using PCR. We did not find a relationship between treponeme phylogroup composition and clinical classification. Treponema phagedenis was present in all lesions. Rumen fluid was implicated as a reservoir location for these pathogens.A lthough bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) has been known to occur in Brazil since the early 1990s (1), there have been no attempts to describe the possible pathogens involved, apart from reports of histopathological (2) and electron microscopic (3) findings. Treponema species are difficult to culture, so molecular approaches are useful for detecting and identifying these spirochetes (4, 5). The present study describes, for the first time, the frequencies of the major treponeme species in BDD lesions in Brazil. Similar results in Europe, North America, and Asia (6-11) confirm the polytreponemal aspect of this clinical condition.Farms in southern Brazil where BDD infections are endemic (n ϭ 28) were identified by consulting veterinary records. Previously identified dairy cows (n ϭ 200) were individually reexamined and, if positive for BDD (n ϭ 22), were photographed and their lesions classified according to clinical stage, from M1 to M4 (12-14). Samples (n ϭ 22) were surgically excised, placed in phosphatebuffered saline (PBS) solution, and refrigerated (4°C to 8°C) until processing. The infected digit was then topically treated with antibiotics (oxytetracycline) and bandaged. Using a stomach tube, ruminal fluid (Ն50 ml of fresh fluid) was collected from 15 cows from seven different BDD-positive herds, which were chosen by convenience. From one BDD-free herd with a history of lameness but without any clinical BDD lesions detected on previous examinations of the whole herd, ruminal fluid from 10 cows was sampled for use as a negative control. All samples underwent extraction of bacterial DNA, as previously described (12,15). A nested-PCR method was used, as previously described (10). The treponeme-specific primers were called Treponema sp., Treponema medium/T. vincentii-like, Treponema phagedenis-like, and Treponema denticola/T. putidum-like (10). The research was approved by the Committee for the Ethical Use of Animals of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) (registration no. 646) in 2011.Of the herds, 17 (60.71%) had BDD lesions on the day of examination and were positive for subsequent molecular BDD detection. The lesions were in different clinical stages (14) and were classified as follows: 13.64% were M1, 45.45% were M2, 22.73% were M3, and 18.18% were M4. However, certain lesions classified as M2 or M3 contained areas that were M4 or M1. In comparison, the cows in the present study exhibited considerably more M2 lesions (45.45% versus 21.03% in the previous study) and fewer M4 lesions (18.18% versus 50.03% in the previous study) ( Table 1). The reason for this observation or why the different forms can transition f...

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 72%

Treponemes Detected in Digital Dermatitis Lesions in Brazilian Dairy Cattle and Possible Host Reservoirs of Infection

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Enzyme activities of all isolates examined were identical, and the enzyme profile was more closely related to that of T. phagedenis ATCC 27087 but not that of T. denticola JCM8225. However, the activities were not identical to those of strains reported previously (11,16,43), even though the 16S rRNA gene sequences were more than 99% identical. The 16S rRNA sequence might be similar, but the sequences that encode various enzymes might be more variable.…”

Section: T Denticolamentioning

confidence: 65%

Genetic Heterogeneity among Strains ofTreponema phagedenis-Like Spirochetes Isolated from Dairy Cattle with Papillomatous Digital Dermatitis in Japan

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) is an infectious foot disease of cattle that is prevalent throughout the world. Although it has been prevalent in Japan since the first case was reported in 1992, full epidemiological and bacteriological examinations have not been conducted. We collected 91 lesions of PDD from 80 dairy cattle on 12 farms in eight regions of Japan to isolate the spirochetes that are frequently detected in lesions. We isolated 40 strains of spirochetes from 24 cattle (30.0%) by a simple two-step culture technique, in which the biopsy samples were incubated at 4°C for 48 to 72 h in an enrichment broth supplemented with antibiotics, which improved the rate of isolation, and then inoculated on selective agar plates. All spirochetes examined were catalase positive and oxidase negative and showed weak beta-hemolytic activity. Enzyme activities were identical to those of Treponema phagedenis ATCC 27087. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that all strains isolated had >99% identity to those of the T. phagedenis type strain and of T. phagedenis-like strains isolated from PDD lesions in the United States and Europe. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and PCR-based random amplified polymorphism DNA methods revealed considerable diversity among strains isolated not only from different cattle but also from the same individuals. These findings may provide further evidence for the role of these treponemes in the pathogenesis of persistent PDD.Papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) is an infectious foot disease in cattle that was first reported in Italy in 1974 (4) and is now recognized throughout the world (3,8,31). In Japan, PDD in dairy cattle is now found in most regions (24,26,37) since the first case was reported in 1992 (20). PDD begins as a superficial dermatitis with an erosive lesion and later forms a hyperkeratotic papillomatous lesion with long hairlike projections (12). These lesions are usually located on the rear of the foot between the bulbs of the heel (3). PDD often leads to lameness and decreases in body weight and milk production, causing economic loss and animal welfare problems (30).It is suspected that PDD is caused by bacteria, since treatment with antibiotics such as oxytetracycline and penicillin G results in rapid resolution of the lesions (19,29,46). Microscopic examinations of biopsy samples or direct stamp preparations of the lesions show various bacterial morphotypes, including long filaments, rods, coccoids, and helices. Although several culturable bacteria have been isolated from PDD lesions (3,7,22,30,36), it remains unclear whether all are involved in the etiology.Among the bacteria detected in PDD lesions, a large number of spirochetes are observed (6,10,25,32,39). Choi et al. detected five spirochetal phylotypes using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis (6). Similarly, Moter et al. detected four spirochetal phylotypes by using in situ hybridization with oligonucleotide probes of the 16S rRNA gene from treponemes (23). Indeed, several Treponema species have been isolated fr...

show abstract

“…were detected in only one sheep with ID from flock C. There were two sequences and they had 94 and 99% similarity to uncultured Treponema phylotypes from samples from cattle with digital dermatitis and from animal faecal samples (Klitgaard et al, 2008;Ley et al, 2008). Treponema are often free living but are linked to contagious ovine digital dermatitis and bovine digital dermatitis in sheep and cattle, respectively (Collighan et al, 2000;Moore et al, 2005;Demirkan et al, 2006;Evans et al, 2008Evans et al, , 2009Sayers et al, 2009). Several species have been associated to contagious ovine digital dermatitis and DD including Treponema phagedenis-like and Treponema medium/Treponema vincentii-like, Treponema medium/Treponema vincentii-like, Treponema phagedenis-like, and Treponema denticola/ Treponema putidum-like (Sayers et al, 2009).…”

Section: Comparison Of the Microbial Communities And Taxonomic Classimentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovine pedomics: the first study of the ovine foot 16S rRNA-based microbiome

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report the first study of the bacterial microbiome of ovine interdigital skin based on 16S rRNA by pyrosequencing and conventional cloning with Sanger-sequencing. Three flocks were selected, one a flock with no signs of footrot or interdigital dermatitis, a second flock with interdigital dermatitis alone and a third flock with both interdigital dermatitis and footrot. The sheep were classified as having either healthy interdigital skin (H) and interdigital dermatitis (ID) or virulent footrot (VFR). The ovine interdigital skin bacterial community varied significantly by flock and clinical condition. The diversity and richness of operational taxonomic units was greater in tissue from sheep with ID than H or VFR-affected sheep. Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most abundant phyla comprising 25 genera. Peptostreptococcus, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus were associated with H, ID and VFR, respectively. Sequences of Dichelobacter nodosus, the causal agent of ovine footrot, were not amplified because of mismatches in the 16S rRNA universal forward primer (27F). A specific real-time PCR assay was used to demonstrate the presence of D. nodosus, which was detected in all samples including the flock with no signs of ID or VFR. Sheep with ID had significantly higher numbers of D. nodosus (10 4 -10 9 cells per g tissue) than those with H or VFR feet.

show abstract

Characterization of a spirochaete isolated from a case of bovine digital dermatitis

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Treponemes Detected in Digital Dermatitis Lesions in Brazilian Dairy Cattle and Possible Host Reservoirs of Infection

Treponemes Detected in Digital Dermatitis Lesions in Brazilian Dairy Cattle and Possible Host Reservoirs of Infection

Genetic Heterogeneity among Strains ofTreponema phagedenis-Like Spirochetes Isolated from Dairy Cattle with Papillomatous Digital Dermatitis in Japan

Ovine pedomics: the first study of the ovine foot 16S rRNA-based microbiome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About