Characterization of an outer membrane preparation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. mors-prunorum and its biological activities in planta

Hodson, A.; Smith, Andrew; Hignett, R. C.

doi:10.1006/pmpp.1995.1049

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The isolates though confirmed to be Xcm with PCR did not cause disease in banana plantlets (Rutikanga et al, 2016). The multiplication of bacterial pathogens in planta irrespective of the plant being a non-host or a host has been reported (Canteros et al, 1991; Hodson et al, 1995; Vidhyasekaran, 2002). The bacteria in non-hosts have been reported to, however, remain static or to decline after some time (Canteros et al, 1991; Vidhyasekaran, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks Posed by Intercrops and Weeds as Alternative Hosts to Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in Banana Fields

et al. 2018

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Alternative host plants are important in the survival and perpetuation of several crop pathogens and have been suspected to play a role in the survival of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm) and perpetuation of Xanthomonas wilt (XW) disease of banana and enset. This study determined the potential risk posed by two weeds (Canna spp. and wild sorghum) and common banana intercrops (maize, millet, sorghum, taro, and sugarcane) as alternative hosts to Xcm. The study employed screenhouse experiments, laboratory procedures and diagnosis of banana fields in XW-affected landscapes. Typical XW symptoms were only observed in artificially inoculated Canna sp., with an incidence of 96%. Leaf lesions characteristic of xanthomonads occurred on millet (50%) and sorghum (35%), though the plants recovered. No symptoms occurred in maize, sugarcane, taro or wild sorghum. However, Xcm was recovered from all these plant species, with higher recoveries in Canna sp. (47%), millet (27%), sugarcane (27%), and wild sorghum (25%). Only isolates recovered from Canna sp., millet, sorghum and wild sorghum caused disease in banana plantlets. The presence and incidence of XW on-farm was positively associated with the presence of susceptible ABB Musa genotypes and negatively with number of banana cultivars on farm and household access to training on XW management. Only 0.02% of field sampled Canna spp. plants had Xcm. Risk posed by Canna spp. on-farm could be limited to tool transmission as it has persistent floral bracts that prevent insect-mediated infections. Given the high susceptibility, perennial nature and propagation through rhizomes of Canna sp., it could pose a moderate-high risk, thus warranting some attention in the management of XW disease. Sugarcane could offer a low-moderate risk due to its perennial nature and propagation through rhizomes while risk from maize, millet, and sorghum was deemed zero-low due to their annual nature, wind-mediated mode of pollination and propagation through seed. Understanding the interactions of a crop pathogen with other plants is thus important when diversifying agroecosystems. The study findings also suggest other factors such as cultivar composition and management of the disease at farm and landscape level to be important in the perpetuation of XW disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks Posed by Intercrops and Weeds as Alternative Hosts to Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in Banana Fields

et al. 2018

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“…The release of LPS in soluble form, perhaps complexed with protein, occurs in cultures of the plant pathogens Erwinia amylovora (Mazzuchi and Pupillo, 1976) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. mors‐prunorum (Hodson et al ., 1995), and may occur in planta , as has been suggested by work on Rhizobium spp. by Dazzo et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prior exposure to lipopolysaccharide potentiates expression of plant defenses in response to bacteria

et al. 2002

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SummaryLipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a ubiquitous component of Gram-negative bacteria which has a number of diverse biological effects on eukaryotic cells. In contrast to the large body of work in mammalian and insect cells, the effects of LPS on plant cells have received little attention. LPS can induce defenserelated responses in plants, but in many cases these direct effects are weak. Here we have examined the effects of prior inoculation of LPS on the induction of plant defense-related responses by phytopathogenic xanthomonads in leaves of pepper (Capsicum annuum). The resistance of pepper to incompatible strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria or to X. campestris pv. campestris is associated with increased synthesis of the hydroxycinnamoyl-tyramine conjugates, feruloyl-tyramine (FT) and coumaroyl-tyramine (CT). FT and CT are produced only in trace amounts in response to compatible strains of X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria. Treatment of leaves with LPS from a number of bacteria did not induce the synthesis of FT and CT but altered the kinetics of induction upon subsequent bacterial inoculation. In incompatible interactions FT and CT synthesis was accelerated, whereas in compatible interactions synthesis was also considerably enhanced. The ability of the tissue to respond more rapidly was induced within 4 h of LPS treatment and the potentiated state was maintained for at least 38 h. Earlier treatment with LPS also potentiated the expression of other defense responses such as transcription of genes encoding acidic b-1,3-glucanase. Our ®ndings indicate a wider role for LPS in plant±bacterial interactions beyond its limited activity as a direct inducer of plant defenses.

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“…The ability to multiply in planta irrespective of the plant being a host or non‐host has been reported as one of the basic characteristics of bacterial pathogens (Vidhyasekaran ), increasing 10‐ to 100‐fold within 48 h in these non‐host interactions (Hodson et al. ). However, these bacterial pathogens are reported to almost remain static or decline after some time period (Vidhyasekaran ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the Cycle of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in Infected Fields through the Cultivation of Annual Crops and Disease Control in Adjacent Fields

Rutikanga¹,

Sivirihauma²,

Ocimati³

et al. 2016

Journal of Phytopathology

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Cultivation of non-host crops after uprooting Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm)-infected banana plants has been advocated for breaking Xanthomonas wilt disease (XW) cycle in fields. Knowledge on the interaction of these crops with Xcm is limited. Maize, beans and sweet potato were planted after uprooting Xcm-infected banana plants in Rwanda and eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). A weed fallow (mixed species) served as the control. After one, two and/or four break-crop or fallow seasons, healthy plantlets were replanted and monitored for XW for 12-24 months. XW status in adjacent fields was monitored, and diseased stems within 100-300 m radius of the two-and four-season experiments were uprooted. In Rwanda, soil and plant parts from the one-season experiments were sampled for Xcm isolation and Xcm-like colonies confirmed with Xcm-specific primers using PCR. Pathogenicity tests were performed to confirm the ability of the PCR-positive isolates to infect healthy banana plantlets. XW was observed in all the one-season experiments, with higher cumulative incidences in maize and bean plots. However, no similar trends were observed in the two-season experiments, with a 6-8% incidence observed only in bean and potato plots in DR Congo. Lengthening time under break crops to two and four seasons, respectively, reduced the incidence to 3% and zero in Rwanda and 0-8% in the two-season experiments in DR Congo. Incidence in the first-season experiments highly correlated (R = 88) to that in the adjacent fields, suggesting possible re-infections from these fields. Two season with break crop plus collective XW control are recommended in these agro-ecosystems. PCR-positive Xcm-like colonies from break crops only induced localized cell death on banana, while PCR-positive isolates from symptomatic banana plants caused full XW symptoms. Cross-infection/inoculation studies under controlled conditions are still needed to conclusively elucidate Xcm interaction with these crops. J Phytopathol 164 (2016) 659-670 Ó 2016 Blackwell Verlag GmbH 659 J Phytopathol Breaking the cycle of Xcm in banana fields A. Rutikanga et al.

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Characterization of an outer membrane preparation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. mors-prunorum and its biological activities in planta

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Risks Posed by Intercrops and Weeds as Alternative Hosts to Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in Banana Fields

Risks Posed by Intercrops and Weeds as Alternative Hosts to Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in Banana Fields

Prior exposure to lipopolysaccharide potentiates expression of plant defenses in response to bacteria

Breaking the Cycle of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in Infected Fields through the Cultivation of Annual Crops and Disease Control in Adjacent Fields

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