Characterization of Coal Bottom Ash &amp;its Potential to be used as Catalyst in Biomass Gasification

Hussain, Maham; Tuf, Lemma Dendena; Yusup, Suzana; Zabiri, Haslinda

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.065

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Also, the presence of SiO 2 could be due to the earth’s surface or anthropogenic activities due to the sand uptake of the waste or the erosion of the materials [ 40 ]. These results were in a good agreement with other available data from relatively similar studies including Zhang et al [ 31 ], Bertolini et al [ 37 ], Volokitin et al [ 41 ], Yang et al [ 42 ], Hussain et al [ 43 ], Alam et al [ 44 ], and Wongsa et al [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Physiochemical characterization and systematic investigation of metals extraction from fly and bottom ashes produced from municipal solid waste

et al. 2020

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Incineration has emerged as one of the acceptable ways to treat municipal solid waste (MSW) due to its potential in reducing the mass and volume of the waste. However, it produces two major by-product residues, namely MSW-bottom ash (MSW-BA) and MSW-fly ash (MSW-FA). These residues have gained great attention to their hazardous nature and potential to be reused and recycled. In this paper, the physicochemical characterizations of the MSW-BA and the MSW-FA were performed, followed by a systematic investigation of metals extraction from MSW-BA and MSW-FA. Various extracting agents were used to investigate the possibility to extract 21 metals including cadmium (Cd), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb). It was revealed that some metals were present in a high amount in the MSW-BA while other metals were higher in the MSW-FA. Moreover, the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results revealed that the MSW-BA was dominated by oxygen (O) 55.4 ±0.6 wt%, silicon (Si) 22.5 ±0.3 wt%, and calcium (Ca) 18.5 ±0.2 wt%. On the other hand, the MSW-FA was enriched with Ca 45.2 ±0.5 wt%, and O 40.3 ±0.4 wt%. From the scanning electron microscopy, the MSW-BA was observed as flaky with an irregular surface that consisted of large pores, while, the MSW-FA was present as agglomerated particles and had a bimodal distribution. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that Al-Fe-OH, Al-Al-OH, Si-O, CO , and C-H were some of the major functional groups present in the ashes. The F-tests concluded that the metal extraction from the MSW-BA and MSW-FA were significantly affected by the acid type. it is concluded that nitric acid and phosphoric acid were the best-suited acid for the MSW-BA while sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid for the MSW-FA. More than 11 wt% of Cd and 9 wt% of Cu were extracted from MSW-BA while 6 wt% of Pb and 4.5 wt% of V were extracted from the MSW-FA. The present methodology is an interesting development in metal extraction from the MSW-BA and the MSW-FA, which can develop in a cost-effective and sustainable option to utilize MSW.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Physiochemical characterization and systematic investigation of metals extraction from fly and bottom ashes produced from municipal solid waste

et al. 2020

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“…(Babu et al, 1995; Delee et al, 1998; Katheresan et al, 2018). Although the physicochemical processes are simple to perform, their high electricity consumption, risk of many by‐products (nonreusable sludge), and restricted applicability for low waste concentrations make them unsuitable for industrial use (Bhatia et al, 2017; Holkar et al, 2016; Hussain et al, 2018, 2019). On the other hand, oxidation procedures use multiple chemicals and involve chemical oxidation and advanced oxidation processes, resulting in pollutants and greater process costs for a long‐term industrial economy (Yusuf, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of textile dyeing effluent using activated sludge system to assess the removal efficiency

Malik¹,

Hussain²,

Uddin

et al. 2021

Water Environment Research

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In this current work, the performance of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for real textile wastewater was investigated based on system operational parameters evaluation. The study was performed for 90 days, and sampling was done once a week in which textile dyeing effluent from the textile mill was collected and subjected to laboratory‐scale treatment. The samples from the inlet, the outlet of the wastewater plant, and within the bioreactor were collected at various concentrations of mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS), and hydraulic retention remained the same in the investigated period of 53 h. The objective of this study was to analyze the AGS system performance assessment by evaluating the effect of different MLSS concentrations on chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and oil/grease removal from real‐based textile water. The results showed that removal of organic material from the process water increases with an increase in MLSS concentration in the bioreactor and gradually shifts removal of COD from 91.2% to 94.5%. As the concentration of microorganisms in the reactor (aeration tank) increases, the degradation of waste organics in the wastewater increases as well. Moreover, the % removal of TSS (83.5% to 98%) and removal of oil/grease (62.5% to 76.4%) were also increased. These results ultimately suggest that the utilization of an activated sludge system can effectively treat complex and highly polluted denim textile wastewater to avoid secondary pollution posed by this industry. Practitioner Points The effectiveness of aerobic granular sludge was investigated for industrial textile effluent. The increase in MLSS results in increase of % COD removal efficiency to 94.5%. The AGS system can efficiently treat complicated and highly contaminated textile wastewater.

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“…Furthermore, it can be used as an alkaline metal catalyst based on the composition of CFA (presence of Ca, Mg, and Al). The presence of SiO 2 in CFA indicates that it can be used as a bed material, Fe 2 O 3 improves the tar reduction in the product gas, CaO assists to capture CO 2 in the process, and alumina resists the sintering of the metal catalyst . Compared with various catalysts containing precious metals and transition metals, CFA is economically feasible due to its abundance and low tar removal cost. , Many recent studies have provided data on the biomass conversion and tar removal from produced gas fractions via CFA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Coal Fly Ash Blending Ratio on Biomass Slagging Structure Modification and Alkali Metal Migration

Yang

Wang

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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The analysis of ash deposition samples by electron microscopy (EM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive scanning (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was carried out at three sampling points of a one-dimensional furnace (sampling temperatures were T L5 = 960 °C, T L6 = 855 °C, and T L7 = 820 °C, respectively). The improvement of ash deposition characteristics of biomass combustion with the different addition ratios of coal fly ash (CFA) (M r = 1:1, 1.5:1 or 2:1) and the heterogeneous removal of gas phase alkali metal heterogeneous were studied. The results showed that under the condition of M r = 1:1, the ash sample presented a three-dimensional porous loose structure like "coral reef" with the rice husk ash as the skeleton and the combustion products of CFA as the bonding point. The spherical and filamentous crystals mainly composed of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and silicates were distributed in the slag, and the surfaces of these crystals were accompanied by the eutectic composite salt of K−Al−Si with a high melting point, reflecting the heterogeneous curing effect of CFA on the gas phase migration of the alkali metal (K). With the decreasing addition ratio of CFA (M r = 1.5:1 or 2:1), the spherical and filamentous crystals were increased in the slag. MgO, Fe 2 O 3 , and Al 2 O 3 may be involved in the formation of high-temperature refractory Mg-Fealuminate, Ca-and Mg-silicate, which were the precursors of the rigid slag. The alkali metals mostly presented in the form of K 2 O and KCl in the gas−solid conversion under the temperature effect, serving as binders for bridging, agglomeration, and slagging of the above precursors. In addition, the kalium enrichment was accompanied by Al and S in the CFA, indicating that the Al-and S-active sites have obvious adsorption to kalium.

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Characterization of Coal Bottom Ash &its Potential to be used as Catalyst in Biomass Gasification

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Physiochemical characterization and systematic investigation of metals extraction from fly and bottom ashes produced from municipal solid waste

Physiochemical characterization and systematic investigation of metals extraction from fly and bottom ashes produced from municipal solid waste

Investigation of textile dyeing effluent using activated sludge system to assess the removal efficiency

Effect of the Coal Fly Ash Blending Ratio on Biomass Slagging Structure Modification and Alkali Metal Migration

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