Characterization of complex hydrocarbons in cigarette smoke condensate by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Zhao, Ming; Kong, Hongwei; Cai, Junlan; Wu, Jianfang; Wu, Ming; Hua, Ruixiang; Liu, Jianfu; Xu, Guowang

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.089

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Automated data processing combined with manual identification led to the tentative identification of some 140 organic acids and over 150 phenols. In another paper, the number of tentatively identified phenols was even as high as 250, with alkylphenol, alkenylphenol, and naphthalenol derivatives each contributing 50-60 entries [135]. With the basic fraction of the smoke condensate [136], ordered structures were obtained on the non-polar Â medium-polar column set used, and 600 peaks were detected.…”

Section: Soils and Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data processing revealed the presence of over 370 N-containing compounds, primarily pyridines and (iso)quinolines. For the characterization of complex hydrocarbons, the authors used GC combined with EIand CI(+)-MS and GCÂGC-ToF MS [137]. In the very complex non-polar neutral fraction some 4,000 peaks were detected and over 1,800 hydrocarbons were identified.…”

Section: Soils and Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multidimensional and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

Adahchour

Brinkman

2014

Practical Gas Chromatography

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Section: Soils and Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soils and Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

Adahchour

Brinkman

2014

Practical Gas Chromatography

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“…The sidestream smoke of cigarette C was sucked with purified water. Tobacco smoke condensate contains a large number of hydrocarbons and aromatics [43,44] that can be removed with an ODS cartridge, Sep-Pak Plus tC18 (Nihon Waters). In this study, the sidestream smoke condensate was adjusted to pH 2.0 and was applied to Sep-Pak Plus tC18 (Nihon Waters), Bond Elut Jr-SAX and InertSep mini MA-1 cartridges in series and, then, the non-adsorbed fraction was analyzed by the proposed CE method (Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of Cigarette Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantioseparation of nicotine alkaloids in cigarettes by CE using sulfated β‐CD as a chiral selector and a capillary coated with amino groups

et al. 2009

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Nicotine (NC) and its related compounds (cotinine (CN), nornicotine (NN), anatabine (AT) and anabasine (AB)) were simultaneously enantioseparated by CE using a capillary with amino groups and sulfated beta-CD as a chiral selector. The optimum running conditions were found to be 30 mM acetate buffer (pH 5.0) containing 8% sulfated beta-CD with an applied voltage of +15 kV at 30 degrees C using direct detection at 260 nm. Using a capillary coated with amino groups, the EOF migrates toward the positive pole. However, when sulfated beta-CD was added to the BGE, it was found that the EOF migrated toward the negative pole due to ionic adsorption of sulfated beta-CD to amino groups on the capillary inner wall. All the cationic analytes migrated as anions, suggesting that they formed stable anionic complexes with sulfated beta-CD. With this system and a simple pretreatment with mini-cartridges, NC alkaloids in five cigarette samples were enantioseparated. As a result, each of the compounds except for CN was detected. In the case of NC, only (S)-NC was detected (more than 99.9%), but in the case of NN, AT and AB, the ratios of (S)-isomer to total isomers were in the ranges 58-70, 81-85 and 59-65%, respectively. On the other hand, only NC was detected in cigarette smoke and the ratio of (S)- and (R)-NCs was 96:4. The amounts of NC alkaloids in cigarettes suggest that the production of (R)-NC resulted from racemization due to the high temperature/burning of the cigarette.

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“…In tobacco leaves, pyrazine concentrations have been determined by solvent extraction (Peng et al 2004), whereas their content in tobacco smoke has been determined following collection on Tenax tubes or filter pads and subsequent thermal desorption or extraction with organic solvents, respectively (Lu et al 2004, Marcilla et al 2012, Marco and Grimalt 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of pyrazines in the flavored liquids of e-cigarettes

El-Hage

El‐Hellani

Salman

et al. 2018

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Popularity of electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) has increased tremendously among young people, in part due to flavoring additives in ECIG liquids. Pyrazines are an important class of these additives, and their presence in tobacco cigarettes has been correlated with increased acceptability of smoking among smokers and bystanders. Pyrazine use by the tobacco industry is therefore thought to encourage smoking. However, the extent of transfer of pyrazines present in the liquid to aerosols upon vaping remains unclear. We present a simple analytical method to quantify six pyrazine derivatives in liquids and aerosols of ECIGs that allows the isolation of pyrazines from interfering compounds, like nicotine. Standard pyrazine solutions and commercial ECIG samples of different brands and flavors were tested for their pyrazine content in the liquids and in the generated aerosols from these solutions. Testing on ECIG commercial liquids revealed a heterogeneous distribution in the levels and types of pyrazines, with acetyl and alkyl pyrazines present in more than 70% of the samples. This method confirmed that pyrazine additives are common in ECIG and that labels do not usually reflect the type and quantity of pyrazines in the liquid. Pyrazines were not correlated with the nicotine content or the brand of the liquid. The aerosols showed similar pyrazine profiles to their corresponding liquids. The efficiency of transfer of pyrazines into the particle phase was approximately 46%. Therefore, addition of pyrazines to ECIGs should be regulated, because they act synergistically with nicotine to increase product appeal, ease smoking initiation, and discourage cessation.

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Characterization of complex hydrocarbons in cigarette smoke condensate by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Cited by 39 publications

References 29 publications

Multidimensional and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

Multidimensional and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

Enantioseparation of nicotine alkaloids in cigarettes by CE using sulfated β‐CD as a chiral selector and a capillary coated with amino groups

Fate of pyrazines in the flavored liquids of e-cigarettes

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