Characterization of Filtration Scale-Up Performance

Daniel, Richard C.; Billing, Justin M.; Luna, Maria L.; Cantrell, Kirk J.; Peterson, Reid A.; Bonebrake, Michael L.; Shimskey, Rick W.; Jagoda, Lynette K.

doi:10.2172/962841

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Testing at various AVs was not required by the test plan, but was later added as a first-order investigation into the effect of AV over the range of slurry concentrations available in the dewatering step. This information augments data gained from previous TMP/AV matrix testing of High Level Wastes and waste simulants using a CUF system (e.g., Daniel et al 2009a, Russell et al 2009b, Shimskey et al 2009). …”

Section: High-solids Dewatering Tests #1 and #2mentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The slurry reservoir temperature was also maintained within tolerance with the exception that in Test #2 the temperature of the slurry reservoir narrowly exceeded 30°C in two dewatering steps. This is outside of the target condition of 25±5°C, but based on findings in WTP-RPT-168 (Daniel et al 2009a), the temperature correction in 4.15 Equation 3.3 may be applied over the range of 25°C to 45°C. The minor variations above 30°C encountered in these tests are within the applicable range of the correction.…”

Section: Results For High-solids Dewatering Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bench-Scale Filtration Testing in Support of the Pretreatment Engineering Platform (PEP)

Billing¹,

Daniel²,

Kurath³

et al. 2009

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Section: High-solids Dewatering Tests #1 and #2mentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Results For High-solids Dewatering Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bench-Scale Filtration Testing in Support of the Pretreatment Engineering Platform (PEP)

Billing¹,

Daniel²,

Kurath³

et al. 2009

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“…It should be noted that value of 2500 in the exponent is taken from historical filtration studies (Geeting et al 2003). A more complete examination of temperature corrections for permeate flux is given in Daniel et al (2009a). After the corrected permeate rate is calculated, the filter flux may be calculated using:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…O-ring face seal (Swagelok VCO®) fittings purchased from the Swagelok Company (Solon, OH) were also placed on the inlet and outlet filter feed tube connections for easy installation to the filtration/leaching skid. It should be noted that the particular filter element selected for use in Series 1 testing has been used in previous simulant leaching and filtration tests, notably Russell et al (2009);Daniel et al (2009a);. As part of these studies, the filter element has been subjected to dozens of simulant fouling tests followed by chemical cleaning operations.…”

Section: Cross-flow Filtermentioning

confidence: 99%

Filtration Understanding: FY10 Testing Results and Filtration Model Update

Daniel¹,

Billing²,

Burns³

et al. 2011

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SummaryThis document completes the requirements of Milestone 2-4, Final Report of FY10 Testing, discussed in the scope of work outlined in the EM31 task plan WP-2.3.6-2010-1. The focus of task WP-2.3.6 is to improve the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) understanding of filtration operations for high-level waste (HLW) to improve filtration and cleaning efficiencies, thereby increasing process throughput and reducing the Na demand (through acid neutralization). Developing cleaning/backpulsing requirements will produce much more efficient operations for both the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) and the Savannah River Site (SRS), thereby significantly increasing throughput by limiting cleaning cycles. Indeed, current program results derived from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) studies indicate that a ~35% increase in filter throughput can be achieved by optimization of backpulse frequency alone. In this report, the results of FY10 testing conducted under EM31 task plan WP-2.3.6-2010-1 are presented and discussed. The scope of this work is to develop the understanding of filter fouling to allow developing this cleaning/backpulsing strategy.The overall approach to this task is:  Review previous cross-flow testing at SRS, PNNL, and other peer review journals to direct testing activities for this task. Develop a predictive model that reflects the important physical mechanisms of fouling and cleaning for use in determining effective filter cleaning strategies for a variety of feeds. Develop simulants that can result in significant irreversible fouling, but also are representative of the types of materials that are present in HLW. Test these simulants in bench-scale equipment to identify the cleaning requirements for these feeds. Develop a cleaning strategy to optimize throughput while minimizing added Na. Validate the model and operational strategy with actual waste samples as appropriate.The FY10 work discussed in the current report focused on tests that would improve understanding of filter fouling dynamics to allow development of improved filtration models. To this end, three filtration test programs were conducted to provide insight into dynamics of filter fouling and the efficacy of flux recovery operations, including both backpulsing of the filter and chemical cleaning regimens. The three testing programs were: Series 1, Long Term Fouling Tests -examined flux decline when filtering the Pretreatment Engineering Platform (PEP) waste simulant slurry for long periods of time without backpulsing. Previous filtration testing has only studied filter flux dynamics over relatively brief periods of operation (4-12 hours) with respect to expected filtration operation times at WTP (on the order of 100 hours). The aim of Series 1 testing was to answer this need. Series 2, Component Fouling Tests -determined the filtration behavior of the major components that comprise the PEP simulant. By examining each solid component separately, the nature of particle-particle and particle me...

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“…Filter fouling has not been studied directly at PNNL; it is frequently discussed anecdotally when discussing results of filtration experiments. During the development of the PEP simulant, attempts were made to introduce inert fine particles into the filtration to deliberately foul the bench-scale filter, but this approach was not successful (see Daniel et al 2009). Understanding fouling is important because of the wide array of waste types to be processed at the Hanford site.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Review of Filtration Studies for Waste Treatment at the Hanford Site

Daniel¹,

Schonewill²,

Shimskey³

et al. 2010

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SummaryThis document completes the requirements of Milestone 1-2, PNNL Draft Literature Review, discussed in the scope of work outlined in the EM-31 Support Project task plan WP-2.3.6-2010-1. The focus of task WP-2.3.6 is to improve the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) understanding of filtration operations for high-level waste (HLW) to enhance filtration and cleaning efficiencies, thereby increasing process throughput and reducing the sodium demand (through acid neutralization). Developing the processes for fulfilling the cleaning/backpulsing requirements will result in more efficient operations for both the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) and the Savannah River Site (SRS), thereby increasing throughput by limiting cleaning cycles.The purpose of this document is to summarize Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's (PNNL's) literature review of historical filtration testing at the laboratory and of testing found in peer-reviewed journals. Eventually, the contents of this document will be merged with a literature review by SRS to produce a summary report for DOE of the results of previous filtration testing at the laboratories and the types of testing that still need to be completed to address the questions about improved filtration performance at WTP and SRS. To this end, this report presents 1) a review of the current state of crossflow filtration knowledge available in the peer-reviewed literature, 2) a detailed review of PNNLrelated filtration studies specific to the Hanford site, and 3) an overview of current waste filtration models developed by PNNL and suggested avenues for future model development.This extensive review provides a starting point to help achieve the ultimate goal of the current project, which is to identify technologies such as modifications to the process (e.g., reconfiguration of the filter geometry or changes to operational techniques) or the use of physical property modifiers that increase the sustainability of the filter process. Overall, two avenues of future model development are recommended: 1) determination of long-term filtration dynamics of actual waste and waste simulant slurries and 2) evaluation of the impact of solution chemistry on the rate of filtration and filter fouling. A better understanding of these long-term fouling dynamics and solution chemistry effects will help in developing better predictive models and improved process optimization.v

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Characterization of Filtration Scale-Up Performance

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Bench-Scale Filtration Testing in Support of the Pretreatment Engineering Platform (PEP)

Bench-Scale Filtration Testing in Support of the Pretreatment Engineering Platform (PEP)

Filtration Understanding: FY10 Testing Results and Filtration Model Update

A Brief Review of Filtration Studies for Waste Treatment at the Hanford Site

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