Characterization of full set material constants of piezoelectric materials based on ultrasonic method and inverse impedance spectroscopy using only one sample

Li, Shiyang; Zheng, Limei; Jiang, Wenhua; Sahul, Raffi; Gopalan, Venkatraman; Cao, Wenwu

doi:10.1063/1.4821107

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Therefore, the alternative methods outlined previously are under development, with the aim to reduce the number of samples required [13,14]. However, such methods leave two issues unresolved.…”

Section: Characterisation Methods For Piezoelectric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Piezocrystal Characterisation under Varying Conditions

et al. 2015

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Piezocrystals, especially the relaxor-based ferroelectric crystals, have been subject to intense investigation and development within the past three decades, motivated by the performance advantages offered by their ultrahigh piezoelectric coefficients and higher electromechanical coupling coefficients than piezoceramics. Structural anisotropy of piezocrystals also provides opportunities for devices to operate in novel vibration modes, such as the d36 face shear mode, with domain engineering and special crystal cuts. These piezocrystal characteristics contribute to their potential usage in a wide range of low- and high-power ultrasound applications. In such applications, conventional piezoelectric materials are presently subject to varying mechanical stress/pressure, temperature and electric field conditions. However, as observed previously, piezocrystal properties are significantly affected by a single such condition or a combination of conditions. Laboratory characterisation of the piezocrystal properties under these conditions is therefore essential to fully understand these materials and to allow electroacoustic transducer design in realistic scenarios. This will help to establish the extent to which these high performance piezocrystals can replace conventional piezoceramics in demanding applications. However, such characterisation requires specific experimental arrangements, examples of which are reported here, along with relevant results. The measurements include high frequency-resolution impedance spectroscopy with the piezocrystal material under mechanical stress 0–60 MPa, temperature 20–200 °C, high electric AC drive and DC bias. A laser Doppler vibrometer and infrared thermal camera are also integrated into the measurement system for vibration mode shape scanning and thermal conditioning with high AC drive. Three generations of piezocrystal have been tested: (I) binary, PMN-PT; (II) ternary, PIN-PMN-PT; and (III) doped ternary, Mn:PIN-PMN-PT. Utilising resonant mode analysis, variations in elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric constants and coupling coefficients have been analysed, and tests with thermal conditioning have been carried out to assess the stability of the piezocrystals under high power conditions.

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Section: Characterisation Methods For Piezoelectric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Piezocrystal Characterisation under Varying Conditions

et al. 2015

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“…It would require many independent measurements because the IEEE resonance method can only give two independent measurements for each geometry sample. Li et al 10 presented a method of using only one sample at room temperature, which is based on pulse-echo ultrasound and inverse impedance spectroscopy. They were able to precisely determine the full set physical properties of piezoelectric materials using only one small sample, but the method is hard to use at elevated temperatures.…”

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confidence: 99%

Temperature dependence of self-consistent full matrix material constants of lead zirconate titanate ceramics

Tang

Cao

2015

Applied Physics Letters

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Up to date, there are no self-consistent data in the literature on the temperature dependence of full matrix material properties for piezoelectric materials because they are extremely difficult to determine. Using only one sample, we have measured the temperature dependence of full matrix constants of lead zirconate titanate (PZT-4) from room temperature to 120 C by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. Self-consistency is guaranteed here because all data at different temperatures come from one sample. Such temperature dependence data would make it a reality to accurately predict device performance at high temperatures using computer simulations. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.

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“…Li et al . reported the successful measurement of all constants from one sample at room temperature by using a combination of pulse-echo ultrasound and inverse impedance spectroscopy 5 . Unfortunately, this technique is hard to perform at elevated temperatures because it is not possible to perform ultrasonic measurements directly inside the furnace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Full Set Material Constants and Their Temperature Dependence for Piezoelectric Materials Using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy

Tang

Cao

2016

JoVE

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During the operation of high power electromechanical devices, a temperature rise is unavoidable due to mechanical and electrical losses, causing the degradation of device performance. In order to evaluate such degradations using computer simulations, full matrix material properties at elevated temperatures are needed as inputs. It is extremely difficult to measure such data for ferroelectric materials due to their strong anisotropic nature and property variation among samples of different geometries. Because the degree of depolarization is boundary condition dependent, data obtained by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) impedance resonance technique, which requires several samples with drastically different geometries, usually lack self-consistency. The resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) technique allows the full set material constants to be measured using only one sample, which can eliminate errors caused by sample to sample variation. A detailed RUS procedure is demonstrated here using a lead zirconate titanate (PZT-4) piezoceramic sample. In the example, the complete set of material constants was measured from room temperature to 120 °C. Measured free dielectric constants ε11normalT and ε33normalT were compared with calculated ones based on the measured full set data, and piezoelectric constants d15 and d33 were also calculated using different formulas. Excellent agreement was found in the entire range of temperatures, which confirmed the self-consistency of the data set obtained by the RUS.

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Characterization of full set material constants of piezoelectric materials based on ultrasonic method and inverse impedance spectroscopy using only one sample

Cited by 34 publications

References 21 publications

Functional Piezocrystal Characterisation under Varying Conditions

Functional Piezocrystal Characterisation under Varying Conditions

Temperature dependence of self-consistent full matrix material constants of lead zirconate titanate ceramics

Characterization of Full Set Material Constants and Their Temperature Dependence for Piezoelectric Materials Using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy

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