Characterization of hematological parameters and blood cells of cultured Gymnocypris eckloni Herzenstein, 1891

Abstract

The objective of the study was to obtain baseline data on haematological parameters, blood cell sizes and morphology in cultured male and female Gymnocypris eckloni Herzenstein, 1891. Forty-eight healthy 3-year-old G. eckloni (26 males: 525.79 AE 48.56 g weight, 34.51 AE 1.88 cm total length; 22 females: 507.60 AE 54.48 g weight, 33.97 AE 1.84 cm total length) were used for this study. Both male and female gonadal maturity were at stage III (maturing). The fish were reared in 25-36 m 2 outdoor tanks at dissolved oxygen 6.86 AE 0.48 mg L À1 , pH 7.22 AE 0.58, temperature 12.40 AE 0.94°C and stocking density 50-80 fish m À3 during November 2014. The fish were fed commercial carp floating foods containing 35% crude protein three times daily. Haematological values were performed manually on heparin anticoagulated blood specimens using standard methods. The morphological features of blood cells and differential cell counts were done on WrightGiemsa stained blood smears with no anticoagulants. Erythrocytes, leucocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) and thrombocytes were distinguished and characterized under light microscope. The percentage of the different leukocytes revealed predominance of small lymphocytes (male: 62.31 AE 2.06%; female: 63.00 AE 2.25%) and nurophiles (male: 23.85 AE 1.51%; female: 23.49 AE 1.67%) followed by fewer monocytes (male: 4.81 AE 0.68%; female: 4.80 AE 0.77%) and few eosinophils (male: 3.73 AE 0.82%; female: 3.52 AE 0.67%). The nurophile percentages of each stage showed that metamyelocyte accounted for the most (male: 13.29 AE 0.88%; female: 13.07 AE 0.98%), followed by banded ones (male: 7.18 AE 0.49%; female: 7.00 AE 0.58%). The microstructure of G. eckloni blood cells was similar to that of other fish. Sex-dependent differences for the erythrocyte counts, haemoglobin, haematocrit and mean corpuscular haemoglobin were found (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); while differences in other haematological parameters (P > 0.05) and blood cell morphology between male and female fish were not significant. Hematologic parameters and knowledge of morphological characteristics of male and female G. eckloni blood cells could be utilized to evaluate the health status of this species in captivity.

Hematological Parameters and Blood Cell Morphology of Male and FemaleSchizothorax (Racoma) davidi(Sauvage)

“…Motlagh et al () had found sex‐dependent differences for WBC, lymphocyte, and heterophil counts in Betta splendens . In Gymnocypris eckloni (Tang et al ), RBC, Hb, HCT, and MCV values in females were significantly lower than those in males among all tested hematological parameters. In S. davidi observed in this study, RBC, WBC, and MCHC counts were significantly higher in females than in males, while MCV were significantly lower in females than in males.…”

“…The values of RBC and Hb in S. davidi were high when compared with another schizothoracine fish, G. eckloni (Tang et al ) (Table ). It has been reported that the number of erythrocytes has a positive relationship with fish's athletic capacity (Cao and Wang ).…”

“…The slides were examined under microscope (Olympus CX21, Tokyo, Japan) and photographed under a microscopic camera (Nikon DS‐Ri1, Tokyo, Japan). Counting of different leukocytes was performed, simultaneously, similar to the method reported by Zhang et al () and Tang et al (). A total of 200 cells including erythrocytes, thrombocytes, and leukocytes were counted for each slide, and the leukocytes including metamyelocytes and banded and segmented neutrophils were differentiated and classified.…”

“…The erythrocyte counts and the numbers of thrombocytes are important indicators of the health of fish and, in many cases, are also helpful for evaluating their immune system (Tavares‐Dias and Moraes ). During the past 10 yr, numerous papers have characterized the hematology and morphology of healthy fish (Gao et al , ; Pavlidis et al ; Vázquez and Guerrero ; Santos et al ; Shigdar et al ; Cao and Wang ; Prasad and Charles ; Zhang et al ; Motlagh et al ; Fang et al ; Tang et al ).…”

Ultrastructural and Cytochemical Properties of Peripheral Blood Cells of Piebald Naked Carp (Gymnocypris eckloni)

“…Until now, it has been popularly cultured in the southwest area of China. We have previously characterized G. eckloni blood cells in light microscope, tentatively identifying three populations of blood cells: erythrocytes, leucocytes (heterophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes) and thrombocytes (Tang et al, 2015). However, the ultrastructure and cytochemistry of peripheral blood of G. eckloni are currently unknown.…”