Characterization of occult hepatitis B virus strains in south african blood donors†

Allain, Jean‐Pierre; Belkhiri, Dalila; Vermeulen, Marion; Crookes, Robert; Cable, Russell; Amiri, Azin; Reddy, Ravi Shankar; Bird, Arthur; Candotti, Daniel

doi:10.1002/hep.22879

Cited by 73 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the case of Sudan, genotype E is dominant, but no genotype E OBI was identified. The average amino acid diversity within the MHR of the Sudanese genotype D OBIs was lower than the diversity reported in European genotype D and genotype A2 OBIs (9.8% versus 16 and 11%, respectively), but it was higher than that observed in South African genotype A1 (3%) and west African genotype E OBI strains (Ͻ1%) ( Table 2) (3,9,36).…”

Section: Vol 49 2011 Hbv Infection In Sudanese Blood Donors 303mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…All Sudanese OBI samples were anti-HBs positive, suggesting that these donors had recovered from past infection but were unable to fully control lowly replicating virus (9). The high anti-HBs prevalence in Sudanese OBIs differed from the ϳ50% prevalence reported for OBI donors from western Europe (HBV genotypes A2 and D) and South Africa (HBV genotype A1) and the 37.5% prevalence observed in OBIs genotype E from Ghana (3,9,36). Compared to HBsAgpositive samples, HBV genotype D was dominant in OBIs (five of six), and none was genotype E (Table 1).…”

Section: Vol 49 2011 Hbv Infection In Sudanese Blood Donors 303mentioning

confidence: 75%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection and Recombination between HBV Genotypes D and E in Asymptomatic Blood Donors from Khartoum, Sudan

Mahgoub

Candotti

Ekiaby³

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sudan is a highly endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV),Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health problem causing considerable morbidity and mortality despite the availability of vaccine and antiviral treatments. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than onethird of the world population is or has been in contact with the virus, resulting in Ͼ350 million HBV chronic carriers worldwide, with Ͼ18% of them living in Africa. Sudan is classified among the African countries with high HBV endemicity. The reported prevalence of HBV chronic infection, characterized by the detectable level of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), varied from region to region and ranged between 5 and 7% in the general population (1,13,28,31) and 26% in hospital outpatients (25). The prevalence of adults having been in contact with HBV and identified by the presence of anti-core antibodies (anti-HBc) was high, ranging between 47.5 and 67% (25,28).

show abstract

Section: Vol 49 2011 Hbv Infection In Sudanese Blood Donors 303mentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Vol 49 2011 Hbv Infection In Sudanese Blood Donors 303mentioning

confidence: 75%

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection and Recombination between HBV Genotypes D and E in Asymptomatic Blood Donors from Khartoum, Sudan

Mahgoub

Candotti

Ekiaby³

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Viral charge is generally low in literature in case of occult hepatitis B (less than 4 logs) [1] [22]. Sequencing of HBV was not carried out in our series, but Allain J P et al [23] found predominance of genotype A and genotype D.…”

Section: Viral Charge (Viral Dna)mentioning

confidence: 65%

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Should Not Be the Only Sought Marker to Distinguish Blood Donors towards Hepatitis B Virus Infection in High Prevalence Area

Somda¹,

Sermé²,

Coulibaly³

et al. 2016

OJGas

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since its discovery by Blumberg in 1965, the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is used as the fingerprint of hepatitis B infection. Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is defined by a viral replication (DNA detectable) in the absence of HBsAg. Burkina Faso is a high endemic area where the prevalence is higher than 14%. At the National Center for Blood Transfusion (NCBT) of Ouagadougou, HBsAg is the only sought marker used to distinguish donors towards Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Acceptation of blood donation is based specifically on the absence of HBsAg, which exposes to the risk of HBV transmission during transfusion. The goal of this study is to evaluate this risk by determining the prevalence of OBI in blood donors. Patients and Methods: It was a five-month prospective study on blood donations collected from January to May 2016. The HBc antibody has been sought in the serums of negative HBsAg donors. The measure of B DNA by Real Time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and that of antibodies anti-HBs have been proposed to anti-HBc positive donors. Abdominal ultrasound, the transaminases, prothrombin level, alphafeto-proteins, hepatic fibrosis have been proposed to donors who were detectable for the DNA. Sociodemographic parameters have been collected. The test costs were borne by donors who were recalled by phone to adhere to the study. Results: Among 1980 negative donors HBsAg, 872 (44%) were positive for anti-HBc. 160 on 872 donors were received for consultation, among which 76 (76/160) were able to realise DNA which was detectable in 25 donors on 76, thus a prevalence of 32.8%. The mean value of DNA was 953 IU/ml. Physical examination and hepatic ultrasounds were normal except a case where hepatic steatosis was found. The biologic standard hepatic results were in normal range. None of the patient was able to realise hepatic fibrosis evaluation. A case of co-infection HIV/OBI was noted. Conclusion: This study shows that in BurHow to cite this paper: Somda, K.S., Sermé, A.K., Coulibaly, A., Cissé, K., Sawadogo, A., Sombié, A.R. and Bougouma, A. 363kina, almost half of blood bags transfused are anti-HBc positive and around one third (32.8%) probably have HBV DNA. This poses a potential risk of contamination for non-immunized recipient. It is thus important that, in addition to HBsAg, AntiHBc should be systematically sought in order to minimize the risk.

show abstract

“…Seromarker-negative SZ2 and SZ9 donors tested positive for HBV DNA by a Roche PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nested PCR in follow-up samples and were classified as seronegative or primary OBIs (1,15). Donor SZ25 with negative seromarkers was found reactive for both anti-HBs and anti-HBe 25 days after the index sample was obtained (postindex), and this sample was classified as OBI.…”

Section: Sample Classification and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms for generating OBI strains were mainly related to either imperfect immune control or to genetic viral defects and appeared largely genotype dependent (1,4). However, analysis of OBI strains of genotypes B and C prevalent in Southeast Asia and China has not been extensively explored, particularly in terms of molecular characterization (14,20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection from Blood Donors in China

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prevalence and characteristics of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) of genotypes B and C prevalent inChina have not been extensively explored. Characterization of OBI strains obtained from Chinese blood donors was based on clinical and serological analyses, follow-up testing, and sequence analyses. Twentyeight samples from 165,371 HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative plasmas were confirmed HBsAg negative and DNA positive(HBsAg ؊ /DNA ؉ ), of which 22 were classified as OBIs and 6 as window period infections. The OBI incidence was 1:7,517 in blood donors, whose ages ranged between 20 and 45 years (median, 28 years). OBI donors had normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and low viral loads ranging between unquantifiable amounts and 178 IU/ml (median, 14 IU/ml). Sequences from 21 basic core promoter/precore (BCP/PC) regions, five whole genomes, and two additional pre-S/S regions from OBI strains were compared to genotypes B and C HBsAg ؉ reference strains. Eighty-six percent (6/7) of OBI strains were genotype C. Deletions, insertions, stop codons, and substitutions were detected in 15/21 (71%) core regulatory elements of OBI strains. Critical mutations were found in the core proteins of 5/5 OBI strains in parallel with random substitutions in pre-S/S proteins from 6/7 (86%) OBI strains. Critical mutations in core regulatory elements and core proteins might affect OBI genotype B and C strain replication. That there were few S protein substitutions suggests a minor role of the host immune defenses in OBI occurrence.Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major threat to human health worldwide, especially to people living in developing countries. The number of HBV carriers with detectable surface antigen (HBsAg) is estimated to be over 300 million globally, while there are around 100 million HBVinfected individuals in mainland China (12). HBV serological testing is widely used in controlling the risk of HBV transmission among people who donate blood or have health examinations in China. However, some studies recently showed HBV DNA at low levels detected in HBsAgnegative individuals, some of whom transmitted HBV infections to recipients of blood transfusions (10). Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is defined as the detection of HBV DNA in the serum or liver tissue of patients who test negative for HBsAg (15). Currently, testing for HBsAg is performed for screening of HBV infection in blood donors in China, but nucleic acid testing (NAT) is not used.A characterization of OBI strains of genotypes A1, A2, D, and E in comparison with wild-type HBV in samples obtained from European and African blood donors was recently published. The mechanisms for generating OBI strains were mainly related to either imperfect immune control or to genetic viral defects and appeared largely genotype dependent (1, 4). However, analysis of OBI strains of genotypes B and C prevalent in Southeast Asia and China has not been extensively explored, particularly in terms of molecular characterization (14,20).This study prov...

show abstract

Characterization of occult hepatitis B virus strains in south african blood donors†

Cited by 73 publications

References 24 publications

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection and Recombination between HBV Genotypes D and E in Asymptomatic Blood Donors from Khartoum, Sudan

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection and Recombination between HBV Genotypes D and E in Asymptomatic Blood Donors from Khartoum, Sudan

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Should Not Be the Only Sought Marker to Distinguish Blood Donors towards Hepatitis B Virus Infection in High Prevalence Area

Characterization of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection from Blood Donors in China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About