Characterization of Solid Catalysts in the Functioning State by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Hunger, Michael; Wang, W.

doi:10.1016/s0360-0564(06)50004-5

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 274 publications

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“…For example, in situ MAS solid-state NMR spectroscopy under flow conditions (MAS = magic angle spinning) [240,241] will provide useful information about the detection of organic molecules. Figure 17 a shows the mechanism of C 2 H 5 OH detection on SnO 2 sensors proposed more than 15 years ago, [91] but never confirmed experimentally under realistic conditions.…”

Section: Methodological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ and Operando Spectroscopy for Assessing Mechanisms of Gas Sensing

2007

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The mechanistic description of gas sensing on inorganic, organic, and polymeric materials is of great scientific and technological interest. The understanding of surface and bulk reactions responsible for gas-sensing effects will lead to increased selectivity and sensitivity in the chemical determination of gases and thus to the development of better sensors. In recent years, spectroscopic tools have been developed to follow the physicochemical processes taking place in an active sensing element in real time and under operating conditions. Thus, the monitoring of the processes in "living" gas sensors is no longer an unsolvable problem. This Review gives an overview of in situ and operando spectroscopic techniques for the study of gas-sensing mechanisms on solid-state sensors.

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Section: Methodological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ and Operando Spectroscopy for Assessing Mechanisms of Gas Sensing

2007

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“…For this purpose, specific techniques for the preparation of dehydrated samples in gas-tight MAS NMR rotors or sealed in glass ampoules fitting in MAS rotors were developed [14,15,33]. Already in 1989, Klinowski et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[34] utilized samples sealed in glass ampoules for studying the adsorption and conversion of methanol on Brønsted acid sites of zeolite catalysts by MAS NMR spectroscopy. Meanwhile, for nearly all types of 4, 5, and 7 mm MAS NMR rotors, commercial glass inserts are offered or can be manufactured to obtain symmetric rotor inserts for sealing activated and loaded catalyst samples [14,15,33]. Before the solid-state NMR measurements, these glass inserts are filled with the catalyst material under study and, subsequently, connected with a vacuum line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of the nature, property, and activity of acid sites on solid catalysts

Jiang

Huang

Dai

et al. 2011

Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

226

325

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“…In 1995, Hunger and co-workers introduced the technique for in situ MAS NMR investigations of heterogeneously catalyzed reactions under continuous-flow conditions (Fig. 18) (122)(123)(124). In this method, a reactant mixed with an inert carrier is injected continuously into the spinning MAS NMR rotor via an injection tube.…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyst Characterization—Heterogeneous

Stavitski

Beale

Weckhuysen

2010

Encyclopedia of Catalysis

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The study of catalysts under in‐situ conditions enables the catalyst scientist to identify and understand the important steps, e.g., the formation of important reaction intermediates and active sites, and stages in a catalyst?s lifetime, such as activation/deactivation. The development of characterization methods as well as the design and construction of appropriate in‐situ cells and reactor probes are inevitable in order to obtain such insight. Both spectroscopic and scattering techniques have been used in attempt to understand quantitative structure/composition‐activity/selectivity relationships in catalysis. Armed with such detailed knowledge about the catalyst, it is then possible for scientists to design, in a more rational way, new and efficient catalysts for sustainable production of bulk and fine chemicals as well as for the removal of harmful compounds in industrial catalytic processes. This chapter provides an overview of the in‐situ characterization techniques available for investigation of catalytic materials. The possibilities and limitations of the methods are discussed and illustrated with numerous case studies.

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Characterization of Solid Catalysts in the Functioning State by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Cited by 53 publications

References 274 publications

In Situ and Operando Spectroscopy for Assessing Mechanisms of Gas Sensing

In Situ and Operando Spectroscopy for Assessing Mechanisms of Gas Sensing

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of the nature, property, and activity of acid sites on solid catalysts

Catalyst Characterization—Heterogeneous

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