“…The lowest achievable experimental error bars on ν Q for each method are: 5 kHz for NMR or NQR on single crystals with an axially symmetric EFG [41,42], 100 kHz for NMR or NQR on powder samples with a nonaxially symmetric EFG [41,42], 5 MHz for LS on atomic beams [43], 10 kHz [44] for FTMW [45][46][47][48][49], 5-20 Hz (!) for MBER [50,51], and 500 kHz for PAC [52][53][54] and Mössbauer spectroscopy [55][56][57][58][59]. When compared to the quadrupole shift values in Table III (typically 100 kHz for A > ∼ 150), it is clear that only NMR for solids and FTMW and MBER for molecules are sensitive to the quadrupole shift-provided the isotope under consideration is sufficiently heavy.…”