Characterization of some bread wheat genotypes using molecular markers for drought tolerance

Abstract

Because of its wide geographical adaptation and importance in human nutrition, wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. However, wheat yield has reduced due to drought stress posing threat to sustainability and world food security in agricultural production. The first stage of drought tolerant variety breeding occurs on the molecular and biochemical characterization and classification of wheat genotypes. The aim of the present study is characterization of widely grown bread wheat cultivars and breeding lines for drought tolerance so as to be adapted to different regions in Turkey. The genotypes were screened with molecular markers for the presence of QTLs mapped to different chromosomes. Results of the molecular studies identified and detected 15 polymorphic SSR markers which gave the clearest PCR bands among the control genotypes. At the end of the research, bread wheat genotypes which were classified for tolerance or sensitivity to drought and the genetic similarity within control varieties were determined by molecular markers. According to SSR based dendrogram, two main groups were obtained for drought tolerance. At end of the molecular screening with SSR primers, genetic similarity coefficients were obtained that ranged from 0.14 to 0.71. The ones numbered 8 and 11 were the closest genotypes to drought tolerant cultivar Gerek 79 and the furthest genotypes from this cultivar were number 16 and to drought sensitive cultivar Sultan 95. The genotypes as drought tolerance due to their SSR markers scores are expected to provide useful information for drought related molecular breeding studies.

Molecular characterisation of the oldest domesticated Turkish einkorn wheat landraces with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers

“…Previous studies show that when the PIC > 0.5, the marker has the maximum diversity, indicating high allelic diversity among germplasms. Contrarily when PIC < 0.25, the marker has minimum diversity [63,64]. Thus, these results with an average PIC value of 0.86 indicate a sufficient amount of gene variability and diversity among accessions [65].…”

Validation of SSR Molecular Markers Linked to Drought Tolerant in Some Wheat Cultivars

“…The mean number of alleles estimated in the three wheat genotypes (2.62 alleles per locus) is consistent with a study conducted by Phougat et al (2018) that found an average of 2.585 alleles per locus in 44 bread wheat genotypes using 100 SSR markers. Moreover, higher allele means numbers (5.9 and 13) were detected in 10 and 40 wheat genotypes by Ateş Sönmezoğlu and Terzi (2017) and Bousba et al…”

Knock-down the expression of TaH2B-7D using virus-induced gene silencing reduces wheat drought tolerance

“…Currently, many drought-responsive genes/proteins have been identified in different species such as wheat, maize, rice, peanut and soybean in previous studies [ 50 – 55 ]. These results are of great significance for exploring the molecular mechanisms and genetic improvement of wheat drought tolerance [ 56 , 57 ]. However, most of these genes/proteins have not been functionally verified, especially in hexaploid wheat.…”