Characterization of the immune roles of cathepsin L in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) mucosal immunity

Chen, Jinghua; Zhang, Lu; Cao, Min; Tian, Mengyu; Fu, Qiang; Su, Baofeng; Li, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.005

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Different cathepsins have been detected in the mucus of several fish species, which were observed to exhibit high bacteriolytic activity against several fish pathogens (53,54), evidencing their key role in fish mucosal innate immunity. Fish skin ctsl transcripts were observed to be significantly up-regulated after challenges with several bacterial pathogens, including V. anguillarum (54,55). Moreover, as for ctsa genes, it was demonstrated that ctsl genes have strong in vitro binding capacity to microbial ligands, suggesting an important role of ctsl in fish mucosal immunity (55).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish skin ctsl transcripts were observed to be significantly up-regulated after challenges with several bacterial pathogens, including V. anguillarum (54,55). Moreover, as for ctsa genes, it was demonstrated that ctsl genes have strong in vitro binding capacity to microbial ligands, suggesting an important role of ctsl in fish mucosal immunity (55). The different gene expression pattern observed for ctsa and ctsl could be related to a time-dependent response, as suggested previously for genes involved in the immune response in fish subjected to feeding trials (56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carvacrol, Thymol, and Garlic Essential Oil Promote Skin Innate Immunity in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Through the Multifactorial Modulation of the Secretory Pathway and Enhancement of Mucus Protective Capacity

et al. 2021

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One of the main targets for the use of phytogenics in aquafeeds is the mucosal tissues as they constitute a physical and biochemical shield against environmental and pathogenic threats, comprising elements from both the innate and acquired immunity. In the present study, the modulation of the skin transcriptional immune response, the bacterial growth capacity in skin mucus, and the overall health condition of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles fed a dietary supplementation of garlic essential oil, carvacrol, and thymol were assessed. The enrichment analysis of the skin transcriptional profile of fish fed the phytogenic-supplemented diet revealed the regulation of genes associated to cellular components involved in the secretory pathway, suggesting the stimulation, and recruitment of phagocytic cells. Genes recognized by their involvement in non-specific immune response were also identified in the analysis. The promotion of the secretion of non-specific immune molecules into the skin mucus was proposed to be involved in the in vitro decreased growth capacity of pathogenic bacteria in the mucus of fish fed the phytogenic-supplemented diet. Although the mucus antioxidant capacity was not affected by the phytogenics supplementation, the regulation of genes coding for oxidative stress enzymes suggested the reduction of the skin oxidative stress. Additionally, the decreased levels of cortisol in mucus indicated a reduction in the fish allostatic load due to the properties of the tested additive. Altogether, the dietary garlic, carvacrol, and thymol appear to promote the gilthead seabream skin innate immunity and the mucus protective capacity, decreasing its susceptibility to be colonized by pathogenic bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carvacrol, Thymol, and Garlic Essential Oil Promote Skin Innate Immunity in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Through the Multifactorial Modulation of the Secretory Pathway and Enhancement of Mucus Protective Capacity

et al. 2021

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“…This generates the photocurrent in the absence of external bias. [ 63,65 ] The size of the bandgap is one of the key factors that determines the harvested light‐energy through the photovoltaic effect. [ 66 ] The maximum voltage that can be produced is equal to the semiconductor's bandgap.…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Heterojunction Architectures For Self‐powered Photodetectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Methods to Enhance Photovoltaic Effect for Self‐Powered Heterojunction Photodetectors and Their Applications in Inorganic Low‐Dimensional Structures

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

100

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An important class of photoelectronic devices, self‐powered photodetectors, has attracted worldwide attention because of its crucial role in both basic scientific research and commercial/public applications. Thanks to a special synergistic effect, excellent photoelectric properties, and outstanding mechanical stability, the study of heterojunction devices can provide valuable insights and new possibilities for the future of self‐powered photodetectors. This paper reviews the recent years of fundamental research of photovoltaic efficiency based on the ferroelectric‐enhanced photovoltaic effect, the pyro‐phototronic effect, and the piezo‐phototronic effect. It also highlights important topics related to heterojunctions and materials that are suitable for self‐powered photodetectors. The article concludes with an outlook of the future development in this important and rapidly advancing field.

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“…Camostat mesylate is a clinically proven protease inhibitor and a recent study tested its effects on SARS-COV-2, SARS-COV, and MERS-COV where it effectively inhibited the viral infection by inhibiting (TMPRSS2) [13]. The viral entry into the endosomes is also assisted by Cathepsin L, an enzyme involved in innate immunity [14,15]. Cathepsin L has a vital role in viral infections [16].…”

Section: The Mechanism Of Viral Infection and Potential Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic approaches for COVID 19: Challenges and successes

Harfouch¹,

Alshaikh²,

Alshimaly³

et al. 2021

Ann Clin Anal Med

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The novel coronavirus SARS-COV-2 or COVID-19 was first discovered in Wuhan, China in late December 2019 and soon became a global pandemic. The virus causes flu-like symptoms and is potentially lethal. The rapid spread of the virus leaves the world in total paralysis and has devastating effects on the health, economic, and social levels of most countries. No treatment has been approved yet and the world really needs a precise and urgent medication. Certainly, the developing of a new specific drug for COVID-19 would take a longer time than expected but it is hoped that this task will be completed sooner than later; therefore recent studies have prioritized testing previously FDA-approved drugs for other indications and whether they have significant effects on COVID-19 or not. In this study, we discuss recent applications, protocols, and the outcomes of these drugs as advised by healthcare institutions and providers, as well as to conduct a literature review.

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Characterization of the immune roles of cathepsin L in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) mucosal immunity

Cited by 29 publications

References 62 publications

Carvacrol, Thymol, and Garlic Essential Oil Promote Skin Innate Immunity in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Through the Multifactorial Modulation of the Secretory Pathway and Enhancement of Mucus Protective Capacity

Carvacrol, Thymol, and Garlic Essential Oil Promote Skin Innate Immunity in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Through the Multifactorial Modulation of the Secretory Pathway and Enhancement of Mucus Protective Capacity

Recent Progress of Methods to Enhance Photovoltaic Effect for Self‐Powered Heterojunction Photodetectors and Their Applications in Inorganic Low‐Dimensional Structures

Therapeutic approaches for COVID 19: Challenges and successes

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