Characterization of the surface properties of MgO using paper spray mass spectrometry

Abstract

RATIONALE: Significant advances have been made in the preparation of different morphologies of magnesium oxide (MgO), but the relationship between MgO morphology and its interactions with therapeutic drugs is rarely studied. Herein, we investigated the interactions between different morphologies of MgO and therapeutic drugs using paper spray mass spectrometry. METHODS: Different morphologies of MgO including trapezoidal, needle-like, flower-like and nest-like structures were prepared through a facile precipitation method. The as-obtained MgO particles were then coated onto the surface of filter paper via vacuum filtration strategy. The coated papers with different morphologies of MgO were used as the substrates for paper spray mass spectrometry to explore the interactions between different MgO and therapeutic drugs. RESULTS: Through investigating the interactions between different morphologies of MgO coated papers and therapeutic drugs, it demonstrated that, in contrast to the trapezoidal, needle-like and nest-like MgO coated papers, different drugs in dried blood spots (DBS) were more favourably eluted off from the paper coated with flower-like MgO due to its weaker surface basicity. Also, the signal intensities of different drugs during paper spray were highly dependent on their elution behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: Paper spray mass spectrometry (MS) provides an avenue to elaborate the surface properties of MgO with different structures. The surface basicity of MgO played a crucial role in determining the elution behaviours of therapeutic drugs in DBS, and a more favourable elution behaviour tended to result in a higher MS signal. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Magnesium oxide (MgO), as an exceptionally important inorganic material, has found wide application in many fields including catalysts, [1][2][3][4][5][6] adsorption and separation, [7][8][9] chemical sensing, [10,11] electrical [12] and optical [13] devices, toxic waste remediation, [14] and superconductor products, [15] due to its unique surface basic property as well as nontoxic and environmentally friendly nature. Over the past decades, many protocols such as the sol-gel route, [16] the precipitation method, [9,17,18] the hydrothermal method, [19] chemical vapour deposition, [20] precursor decomposition, [21] and so on [22,23] have been developed to fabricate meso-, micro-and nanostructured MgO. The reported morphologies of MgO are mainly composed of spherical structure, [9] parallelogram, [18] nanowires, nanotubes or nanobelt, [24] nanoflower, [25] nanosheets, [26] cubes, [27] whiskers, [28] stacks of plates, [29] rectangular parallelepiped, [30] columnar structure, [31] and corraline. [32] In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated that the change in the morphology of MgO can alter its surface properties, [1,2,[33][34][35] which was formerly considered constant. [21] For example, many reports have evidenced that the catalytic performance of MgO was closely related with its shape, illustrating an apparent morphologydependent phenomenon...

Study of Adsorption and Desorption Performances of Zr-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks Using Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry

“…As displayed in this figure, when blank filter papers were coated with ZrO 2 , Zr-FUM, UiO-66(Zr) and UiO-66(Zr)-NH 2 ( Figure 2 a–d,a’–d’), the paper substrates with uniform surface structures were obtained. From their corresponding magnified views, it is obvious that the surfaces of the paper substrates are covered completely by the coated particles with diameters of approximately 0.9–5.4 μm, which is similar to the coated papers with SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , MgO and other MOFs in our recent studies [ 54 , 55 , 56 , 58 ]. However, when UiO-66(Zr)-2COOH was employed for coating ( Figure 2 e,e’), the surface of the achieved paper differed significantly from those mentioned above.…”

Metal–organic framework coated paper substrates for paper spray mass spectrometry

“…21 Owing to this fact, various commercially available paper substrates have been applied for PSMS, 4,[44][45][46] but the improvement is limited. In order to expand the types of paper substrates, diverse materials, including CNTs, 9,41,42,47 silica, 19,47 metal oxides, 48,49 solid wax/paraffin, 50,51 and silanization reagents, 46,52 have been employed to coat the surface structures of conventional paper substrates. Although coated paper substrates have been playing signicant roles in improving the analytical sensitivity of PSMS for the determination of various compounds, other alternatives are still needed for the purpose of fully capturing the advantages of various materials.…”

Principles and applications of solid-substrate electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

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