Characterization of Turn-On Time Delay in a Fiber Grating Fabry–Perot Lasers

Hisham, Hisham; Mahdiraji, Ghafour Amouzad; Abas, Ahmad Fauzi; Mahdi, Mohd Adzir; Adikan, Faisal Rafiq Mahamd

doi:10.1109/jphot.2012.2214207

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The second section is a fiber of length L ext , and the third is the FBG with This configuration may be conveniently analyzed as a simple two-mirror laser structure (Fig. 1b) by replacing the FP diode laser output facet reflectivity R o by a complexvalued effective reflection coefficient R eff [24][25][26][27][45][46][47].…”

Section: Fiber Grating Fabry-perot Laser Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, fiber grating Fabry-Perot (FGFP) laser is proposed as an alternative light source for WDM systems, which can generate output with high wavelength stability [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. This is because the emission wavelength of FGFP laser depends only on the Bragg wavelength of fiber grating (FG), thus, independent of chip temperature and injection current.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, precise adjustment of the Bragg wavelength in FG is easier in comparison to the emission wavelength of DFB lasers. The main advantages of a SLD with external FG resonator are high-speed direct modulation with low chirping effect, enhanced wavelength stability, and relatively cost effective [6,9,13,16,21,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing the external optical cavity parameters for performance improvement of a fiber grating Fabry–Perot laser

Hisham

Abas

Mahdiraji

et al. 2015

Opt Rev

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The effects of the external optical cavity parameters (external optical cavity length (L ext ), amplitude coupling (C o ) and anti-reflection coating (ARC) reflectivity coefficients) on the noise and modulation spectra of a fiber grating Fabry-Perot laser are numerically analyzed for designing a laser that operates in strong feedback regime (Regime V). Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is used as a wavelength selective element to control the properties of the laser output by controlling the external optical feedback (OFB) level. The study is performed by modifying a set of rate equations that are solved by considering the effects of external OFB and ambient temperature (T) variations. We proposed a model to calculate the temperature dependence (TD) of laser characteristics according to the TD of laser parameters. An accurate analytical expression for the TD of threshold carrier density (N th,fe ) has been derived. The TD of N th,fe was calculated according to the TD of laser cavity parameters instead of using well-known empirical Pankove relationship via the use of characteristics temperature (T o ) and current (I o ). Results show that the optimum external fiber length (L ext ) is 3.1 cm. Also, it is shown that ARC with reflectivity value of 1 9 10 -2 is sufficient for the laser to operate at low noise, good modulation response, and low fabrication complexity.

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Section: Fiber Grating Fabry-perot Laser Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing the external optical cavity parameters for performance improvement of a fiber grating Fabry–Perot laser

Hisham

Abas

Mahdiraji

et al. 2015

Opt Rev

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“…The radiative recombination of the electrons is counted in the rate equations (1)-(3) in terms of the corresponding radiative lifetime r . On the other hand, NRRLT processes such as nonradiative contribution arising from crystal impurities and Auger re-combination is expressed by NRRLT lifetime nr [7][8][9].…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of OFB depends on various factors, including the OFB strength, external cavity length and injection current [1][2][3]. However, the dynamic characteristics and noise of SLs are influenced by the nonlinear gain (NLG), "which is the origin of many complicated nonlinear phenomena, such as mode competition phenomena, feedback noise, and gain suppression" [4][5][6], and the nonradiative recombination lifetime nr (NRRLT) parameter, "which has strong effect on the carrier life time, threshold current, spontaneous emission factor, output saturation and turn-on time delay" [7][8][9]. So, a good understanding of the influence of the NLG and NRRLTR on the dynamics and [10], and on the operations and rout to chaos with OFB in [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of operations and noise of semiconductor lasers subject to optical feedback with nonlinear gain and nonradiative recombination

Abdulrhmann¹,

Al-Hossain²

2015

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Influence of the nonlinear gain (NLG) and nonradiative recombination life time ratio (NRRLTR) on the rout to chaos and noise characteristics of semiconductor lasers (SLs) subject to optical feedback (OFB) are investigated. The analyses are performed in terms of the temporal trajectory of the photon numbers, bifurcation diagrams and relative intensity noise (RIN). Variations of the fluctuations of the photon number are statistically analyzed. The corresponding frequency dependence of RIN is characterized. The simulation results show that, NLG and NRRLTR can cause significant changes in the rout to chaos of the SLs and probability distribution of the photon numbers. We found that the value of the OFB rate at which the transition from CW to periodic oscillation (PO) or chaos state occur increases, as the value of the NLG/ NRRLTR is increased/decreased. The RIN is found to be suppressed when the laser is operated in CW or PO region and at relatively higher/lower values of the NLG/NRRLTR. We believe that, the instability of the SLs can be reduced by operating it under OFB and by increasing/decreasing the values of the NLG/NRRLTR parameter.

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Frequency modulation response due to the intensity modulation of fiber-grating Fabry–Perot lasers

Hisham

Mahdiraji

Abas

et al. 2014

Journal of Modern Optics

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A comprehensive study on the small-signal frequency modulation (FM) characteristics of a fiber-grating Fabry-Perot (FGFP) laser is numerically conducted. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is used as a wavelength selective element to control the properties of the laser output by controlling the external optical feedback (OFB) level. In addition to the external OFB level, the effect of other parameters such as temperature, injection current, cavity volume, nonlinear gain compression factor, linewidth enhancement factor, and fiber-grating (FG) parameters on FM characteristics of the laser are investigated. The study is performed by modifying a set of rate equations that are solved by considering the effects of external OFB and ambient temperature (T) variations. The temperature dependence (TD) of FM characteristics is calculated according to TD of laser parameters instead of using well-known Pankove relationship. Results show that the optimum external fiber length (Lext) is 3.1 cm and the optimum range of working temperature for FGFP laser is within ± 2 °C from the FBG reference temperature (To). Also, it is shown that antireflection (AR) coating reflectivity and the linewidth enhancement factor have no significant effect on the FM response. The FM spectra peak amplitude is less than 5 dB with 5 mW output power. Good temperature stability is also obtained.

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Characterization of Turn-On Time Delay in a Fiber Grating Fabry–Perot Lasers

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

Optimizing the external optical cavity parameters for performance improvement of a fiber grating Fabry–Perot laser

Optimizing the external optical cavity parameters for performance improvement of a fiber grating Fabry–Perot laser

Variations of operations and noise of semiconductor lasers subject to optical feedback with nonlinear gain and nonradiative recombination

Frequency modulation response due to the intensity modulation of fiber-grating Fabry–Perot lasers

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