Characterization of volatile compounds in ten Piper species cultivated in Hainan Island, South China

Abstract

The volatile compounds of 10 Piper species cultivated in Hainan Island, China, have been investigated. Eighty compounds were profiled after headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Mean Bray-Curtis similarity value was only 22.78 ± 1.98% among the different Piper species. The volatile compounds were largely grouped as hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols, acids, ketones, esters, and phenols. The main compounds comprised benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, β-caryophyllene, ocimene, lavandulol, myrcene, cubebene, terpinene, linalool, α-caryophyllene, β-elemene, and germacrene. Principal component analysis revealed that Piper laetispicum, Piper longum, Piper hainanense, Piper betle, and Piper flaviflorum were characterized by high contents of β-caryophyllene, α-caryophyllene, germacrene, and β-pinene. Piper puberulum and Piper cathayanum were associated with high contents of linalool, myrcene, and germacrene D. On the other hand, Piper pseudofuligineum and Piper retrofractum were related with high contents of ocimene. Finally, Piper auritum was associated with high content of cinnamaldehyde. Volatile profiling of Piper species by HS-SPME-GC-MS and the interrelationship investigated among the volatiles can be used as a roadmap for future resource utilization or biotechnological applications.

Utilization and Bioactivity of Java Long Pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl) for Education Purposes

“…When compared with primary metabolites, the levels are much smaller but very important in the process of defense against the environment (Pillai et al 2000). The Piper genus is widely known to produce secondary metabolites in the form of essential oil or volatile oil (Hao et al 2018). Volatile oil compounds are volatile compounds at room temperature, thus giving a distinctive aroma to plants and are often used as plant characters.…”

“…Volatile oil compounds produced by plants vary depending on origin, age and habitat. Volatile compounds from 10 Piper species cultivated on Hainan Island include benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, βcaryophyllene, ocimene, lavandulol, myrcene, cubebene, terpinene, linalool, α-caryophyllene, βcaryophyllene, ocimene, lavandulol, myrcene, cubebene, terpinene, linalool, α-caryophyllene, βcaryophyllene, ocimene, lavandulol, myrcene, cubebene, terpinene, linalool, α-caryophyllene, βcaryophyllene, ocimene, lavandulol, myrcene, cubebene, terpinene, linalool, α-caryophyllene, βcaryophyllene, ocimene, lavandulol, myrcene, cubebene, terpinene, linalool, α-caryophyllene, βelements Furthermore, Hao et al (2018) stated that P. retrofractum contains ocimene (15.6%), linalool (12.9%), α-caryophyllene (9.61%), and germacrene D (7.15%), linalool (12.9%) ), and trans-hex-3-en-1-ol (1.78%), octyl salicylate (0.34%), catechol (2.48%), and 2-octaneone (0.29%) (Hao et al 2018).…”

Interpol review of controlled substances 2016–2019

“…Betel ( Piper Betle Linn ): 2016 DART-HRMS for determination of the provenance of psychoactive pepper species, namely Piper methysticum (aka kava) and P. betle (aka betel) [ 554 ]; review article [ 555 ]; volatile constituents of Piper betle landraces were analyzed using GC FID and GC-MS [ 556 ]; GC-MS to identify the semi volatile and volatile compounds present in the leaf ethanol extracts [ 557 ]; 2018 isolation of two new chemical constituents on the basis of spectroscopic data 1D NMR (H-1 and C-13) and 2D NMR (H-1-H-1 COSY and HMBC) as well as ESI-MS, FT-IR and HR-ESI-MS analyses [ 558 ]; volatile profiling of Piper species by HS-SPME-GC-MS [ 559 ];…”

GCMS identification of volatile compounds in Indonesia’s specific traditional “kalio” and dried rendang

“…Ref. [5] indicated that the main compounds of spices was suggested as carbonyls which classify as semi-polar compound. Table 1 indicates the identified volatile compounds both in rendang kalio and dried rendang.…”