Characterizing Industrial-Dominated Suburban Formation Using Quantitative Zoning Method: The Case of Bekasi Regency, Indonesia

Abstract

Suburbanization of Bekasi Regency as a part of the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) is mainly induced by urban expansion and industrialization, in which the suburbanization process threatens food security and ultimately disrupts urban sustainability. This study aims to characterize industrial-dominated suburban formation to manage the suburbanization process using a quantitative zoning method. In assessing the characteristics of industrially dominated suburban, this research utilizes the concept of urban–rural development (URD), which consists of five aspects of development (socioeconomic, population, industrial, land-use, and environmental). Factor analysis and Rustiadi’s spatial clustering form regional clusters using all variables while referring to the URD concept. The results showed that there are three regional typologies: (i) urban, (ii) Desakota, and (iii) rural regions. Urban regions are located in the central and western parts of Bekasi Regency, rural regions are located in the northern part of Bekasi Regency, while the desakota region is located between urban and rural regions. Characteristics of each typology then could be used as the basis for development policy in Bekasi Regency which is then constructed towards the protection of agricultural areas in the rural and desakota regions, serving both food security function and strengthening urban sustainability of JMA.

Determining of peri-urban in rice production centers area: Case study in Karawang Regency, Indonesia

“…Peri-urban characteristics are land cover, and industry between urban and rural areas, and is characterized by a significant increase in population. This description shows that it follows the reference of this study [25].…”

“…Determining the peri-urban boundaries of the KRPC refers to the research [25]. The research base uses village-level administration as the unit of analysis.…”

“…Each village is grouped based on the similarity of the six characteristics in Table 1. Furthermore, based on references [25], clusters were identified from a group of villages in the study location, with urban, peri-urban, and rural characteristics. Furthermore, villages with peri-urban characteristics were identified based on secondary data.…”

“…The peri-urban formed in this study are clustered in the southern part of the Karawang Regency because the area has peri-urban characteristics according to the reference. In this case, the determination of peri-urban refers to [25] which is based on regional characteristics based on village boundaries. The estimation of this result is possible because of the influence of the development of regencies and cities that are directly adjacent to the south, namely the Bekasi and Purwakarta regencies.…”

Spatiotemporal Distribution Patterns and Local Driving Factors of Regional Development in Java

“…Another factor that determines regional development is the geographical advantage over distance to developed regions. Here Tobler's law of geography is applied, such that proximate regions are more influenced than distant ones [19]. Regions around a metropolitan area have a greater chance of obtaining spread effects.…”