Characterizing the Fluorescence Intermittency and Photobleaching Kinetics of Dye Molecules Immobilized on a Glass Surface

Yeow, Edwin K. L.; Melnikov, Sergey M.; Bell, Toby D. M.; Schryver, Frans De; Hofkens, Johan

doi:10.1021/jp055496r

Cited by 149 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We recall that 3 Dye * is known to be more stable and longer-lived than 1 Dye * . [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]15 This is consistent with our estimated recovery rate of 3 Dye * which is discussed later in Sec. III C.…”

Section: Dye Molecule "Mb…supporting

confidence: 91%

“…͑b͒ The second reaction involves the free radical undergoing dye bleaching. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]15,17 This occurs when the dye radical, see Eq. ͑4͒, abstracts the proton which the ED radical cation released at an earlier stage, see Eq.…”

Section: Photoinitiation Mechanism Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Dye * has a longer lifetime than 1 Dye * , [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]15 i.e., r 1 Ͼ r 2 , and we assume that its contribution to the recovery process is negligible. As a results of this, in Eq.…”

Section: Photoinitiation Mechanism Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]15 As the 3 Dye * molecules are generated, during the early stages of exposure, they are rapidly consumed by reacting with ED and Z and by recovering to the ground state Dye, see Fig. 2.…”

Section: Dye Molecule "Mb…mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 We also note that as expected, r 1 Ͼ r 2 , because 1 Dye * has a shorter lifetime than the corresponding 3 Dye * . [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]15 It is necessary to generate a value of ⌿ to be used in the model during the fitting procedures. Assuming that the recovery process has fully taken place postexposure, i.e., when t = 90 min.…”

Section: Recovery Process "Mb…mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended model of the photoinitiation mechanisms in photopolymer materials

Shui

Gleeson

Sabol

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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In order to further improve photopolymer materials for applications such as data storage, a deeper understanding of the photochemical mechanisms which are present during the formation of holographic gratings has become ever more crucial. This is especially true of the photoinitiation processes, since holographic data storage requires multiple sequential short exposures. Previously, models describing the temporal variation in the photosensitizer (dye) concentration as a function of exposure have been presented and applied to two different types of photosensitizer, i.e., Methylene Blue and Erythrosine B, in a polyvinyl alcohol/acrylamide based photopolymer. These models include the effects of photosensitizer recovery and bleaching under certain limiting conditions. In this paper, based on a detailed study of the photochemical reactions, the previous models are further developed to more physically represent these effects. This enables a more accurate description of the time varying dye absorption, recovery, and bleaching, and therefore of the generation of primary radicals in photopolymers containing such dyes.

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Section: Dye Molecule "Mb…supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Photoinitiation Mechanism Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photoinitiation Mechanism Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dye Molecule "Mb…mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recovery Process "Mb…mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended model of the photoinitiation mechanisms in photopolymer materials

Shui

Gleeson

Sabol

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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Metal‐Enhanced Fluorescence and Its Applications

Sugawa¹

2018

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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The fluorescence‐enhancement phenomenon of fluorophores positioned near metal nanostructures (metal‐enhanced fluorescence, MEF) is the result of the interaction between the fluorophores and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the nanostructures. This enhancement phenomenon can contribute to the development of novel sensors based on unprecedented mechanisms, as well as improving the sensitivity of existing biosensors and imaging techniques. In this article, the two main mechanisms for MEF are briefly explained: the light‐harvesting nanoantenna effect and the increase in the radiative decay rate. This is followed by an introduction to metal nanostructures and nanoparticles (substrate‐based platforms and solution‐dispersed colloidal nanoparticle‐based platforms), which can act as MEF platforms. In addition, the efficient suppression of fluorescence blinking and photobleaching induced by the interaction with LSPR are described, as these are secondary advantages for fluorescence‐based sensors. Subsequently, the generation of hot spots, which could be one of the key phenomena for significant fluorescence enhancement, is outlined. An examination of usability of MEF platforms consisting of Al and Cu (metal species other than Au and Ag) to further improve their applicability is also discussed. Finally, some recent applications such as the development of imaging techniques, nanoprobes, and biosensors utilizing the MEF phenomenon are briefly introduced.

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Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET) Reactions

2011

Handbook of Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Imaging

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Charge transfer or electron transfer processes are of utmost importance in a variety of biochemical processes, with one of the most prominent examples being photosynthesis. While ensemble or bulk level charge transfer processes are fairly well understood [1][2][3][4], the study and characterization of these processes at the individual or single-molecule level is still in its infancy [5]. Electron transfer between one and another molecule occurs if one molecule can accept or donate electrons to the other molecule. Often electron transfer can be observed to or from electronically excited molecules, such as fluorophores. If excitation occurs through absorption of photons in a fluorophore (usually an organic molecule with a delocalized p-electron system), its redox properties change, which might enable so-called photoinduced electron transfer (PET) whereby the fluorescence of the fluorophore is quenched. Both fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) [6-9] and PET [1][2][3][4][5][10][11][12][13][14] are two mechanisms that lead to variation of fluorescence emission by distance-dependent fluorescence quenching between a fluorophore and a quenching moiety. Whereas FRET from a donor (D) to an acceptor (A) chromophore scales with 1/[1 þ (R/R 0 ) 6 ], where R 0 is typically between 2 and 8 nm, PET can be designed in a way such that contact formation (van der Waals contact) is required for efficient quenching, with a separation between the fluorophore and quencher that can also be seen as an electron transfer donor and acceptor on the sub-nanometer length scale.To interpret fluorescence quenching caused by PET, the transfer mechanism and its distance dependence has to be well understood. In general, the electron transfer rate is proportional to the square of the electronic coupling between the donor and the acceptor, which in turn depends exponentially on the donor-acceptor distance [3]. Thus changes in the PET rate can also directly report on changes of the donoracceptor distance caused, for example, by conformational dynamics of a biopolymer (nucleic acid, peptide or protein). In standard electron transfer theory, quenching of fluorophores in the first excited singlet state by electron donors or acceptors results in charge separation with rate constant k cs and the formation of a radical ion pair D þ s A À s , which returns to the ground state via charge recombination with rate j189 constant k cr (Figure 7.1). The efficiency of charge separation and charge recombination is mainly controlled by the relationship between the free energy of the reactions, DG cs and DG cr , the reorganization energy l, and the distance between donor and acceptor [1][2][3][4][5]. Typically the total reorganization energy is written as the sum of an inner contribution, l in , and an outer contribution, l out , attributed to nuclear reorganization of the redox partners and their environment (solvent), respectively. Depending on the properties of the electron donor and acceptor, and the linker connecting both compounds, different charge trans...

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Characterizing the Fluorescence Intermittency and Photobleaching Kinetics of Dye Molecules Immobilized on a Glass Surface

Cited by 149 publications

References 43 publications

Extended model of the photoinitiation mechanisms in photopolymer materials

Extended model of the photoinitiation mechanisms in photopolymer materials

Metal‐Enhanced Fluorescence and Its Applications

Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET) Reactions

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