Charge breeding results and future prospects with electron cyclotron resonance ion source and electron beam ion source (invited)

Vondrasek, R.; Levand, A. F.; Pardo, R. C.; Savard, G.; Scott, Robert G.

doi:10.1063/1.3673629

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Currently, the CARIBU beams at ATLAS are charge bred using an ECR charge breeder. The breeding efficiency of the ECR is quite sensitive to the voltage difference between the CARIBU gas catcher and ECR charge breeder 29 . To find a similar sensitivity of the EBIS to the energy of the injected beam, we have measured the cesium beam intensity on FC5 while the cesium source bias was varied.…”

Section: Residual Gas Ionizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and efficient charge breeding of the Californium rare isotope breeder upgrade electron beam ion source

Ostroumov

Barcikowski

Dickerson

et al. 2015

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS), developed to breed Californium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) radioactive beams at Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS), is being tested off-line. A unique property of the EBIS is a combination of short breeding times, high repetition rates, and a large acceptance. Overall, we have implemented many innovative features during the design and construction of the CARIBU EBIS as compared to the existing EBIS breeders. The off-line charge breeding tests are being performed using a surface ionization source that produces singly charged cesium ions. The main goal of the off-line commissioning is to demonstrate stable operation of the EBIS at a 10 Hz repetition rate and a breeding efficiency into single charge state higher than 15%. These goals have been successfully achieved and exceeded. We have measured (20% ± 0.7%) breeding efficiency into the single charge state of 28+ cesium ions with the breeding time of 28 ms. In general, the current CARIBU EBIS operational parameters can provide charge breeding of any ions in the full mass range of periodic table with high efficiency, short breeding times, and sufficiently low charge-to-mass ratio, 1/6.3 for the heaviest masses, for further acceleration in ATLAS. In this paper, we discuss the parameters of the EBIS and the charge breeding results in a pulsed injection mode with repetition rates up to 10 Hz.

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Section: Residual Gas Ionizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and efficient charge breeding of the Californium rare isotope breeder upgrade electron beam ion source

Ostroumov

Barcikowski

Dickerson

et al. 2015

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…An ECRIS charge breeder delivers beams with A/Q values between 3 and 9 and an energy spread of a few eV. Breeding efficiences from a few up to 20% have been reported [26]. Apart from the radioactive beam, many other stable elements originating from the charge breeder are extracted, with a total electric current of around 100 µA.…”

Section: Fig 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge breeding of radioactive ions with EBIS and EBIT

Wenander

2010

J. Inst.

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Charge breeding is a technique to increase the charge state of ions, in many cases radioactive ions. The singly charged radioactive ions, produced in an isotope separator on-line facility, and extracted with a low kinetic energy of some tens of keV, are injected into a charge breeder, where the charge state is increased to Q. The transformed ions are either directed towards a dedicated experiment requiring highly charged ions, or post-accelerated to higher beam energies. In this paper the physics processes involved in the production of highly charged ions will be introduced, and the injection and extraction beam parameters of the charge breeder defined. A description of the three main charge-breeding methods is given, namely: electron stripping in gas jet or foil; external ion injection into an electron-beam ion source/trap (EBIS/T); and external ion injection into an electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS). In addition, some preparatory devices for charge breeding and practical beam delivery aspects will be covered. 1 Note that the term MeV/A, energy per nucleon, is commonly used and the unity is related to the particle velocity. The total acceleration energy is obtained by multiplying with A. Fig. 3: Release curve of 8 Li ions from a tantalum foil target. A proton pulse impinges on the target at t = 0 s. An empirical fitting formula is included. Based on [4].

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“…It is a CW device which can accept several eµA of injected beam, has a good efficiency, and can produce the high-quality, highly-charged ion beam necessary for injection into an accelerator system [8]. Figure 1 shows the charge breeding performance for the Phoenix ECR sources tested at ISOLDE [9] and LPSC [10], the TRIAC source [11], the TRIUMF source [12], the ANL source [13,14], and the recently commissioned SPES…”

Section: Ecr Charge Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-line charge breeding using ECRIS and EBIS

Vondrasek

2016

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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The efficient and rapid production of a high-quality, pure beam of highly charged ions is at the heart of any radioactive ion beam facility. Whether an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source or an electron beam ion source (EBIS) is used to produce these highly charged ions, their operating characteristics will set the boundaries on the range of experiments which can be performed. In addition, time structure and duty cycle have to be considered when defining the operating parameters of the accelerator system as a whole. At Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), an ECR charge breeder was developed as part of the Californium Rare Ion Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) program. The charge breeding efficiency and high charge state production of the source is at the forefront of ECR charge breeders, but its overall performance as part of the accelerator system is limited by pervasive background and relatively long breeding times. As such, an EBIS charge breeder has been developed and is running in an off-line configuration. It has already demonstrated good breeding efficiencies, shorter residence times, and reduced background and is scheduled to replace the ECR charge breeder in late 2015. The resultant change in duty cycle and time structure necessitates changes to the overall operation of the facility. The experiences with these breeders, as well as from several other facilities which already utilize an ECR or EBIS for charge breeding, help to define the operational characteristics of each technologytheir strengths, their weaknesses, and the possible paths to improvement.

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Charge breeding results and future prospects with electron cyclotron resonance ion source and electron beam ion source (invited)

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Fast and efficient charge breeding of the Californium rare isotope breeder upgrade electron beam ion source

Fast and efficient charge breeding of the Californium rare isotope breeder upgrade electron beam ion source

Charge breeding of radioactive ions with EBIS and EBIT

On-line charge breeding using ECRIS and EBIS

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