Chemical allergens—What are the issues?

Kimber, Ian; Basketter, David A.; Dearman, Rebecca J.

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.07.015

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the area of data collection and in silico approaches, metabolite identification and protein binding in cellbased assays should be addressed. Furthermore, re-record of past and present activity in this area (Adler et al, 2011;Aeby et al, 2010;Basketter and Maxwell, 2007;Basketter, 2008;Basketter and Kimber, 2011;Bauch et al, 2011;De Silva et al, 1995;dos Santos et al, 2009;Hartung et al, 2011;Kimber et al, 1999bKimber et al, , 2001Kimber et al, , 2010Kimber et al, , 2011Martin et al, 2010;Maxwell and Mackay, 2008;Patlewicz et al, 2007;Reuter et al, 2011;Ryan et al, 2005;Vandebriel and van Loveren, 2010). However, our intention here is not to provide yet another scholarly review article.…”

Section: Special Research Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap for the development of alternative (non-animal) methods for systemic toxicity testing

Basketter

Clewell

Kimber

et al. 2012

ALTEX

203

165

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Section: Special Research Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap for the development of alternative (non-animal) methods for systemic toxicity testing

Basketter

Clewell

Kimber

et al. 2012

ALTEX

203

165

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“…Obesity is associated with decreased sensitivity to glucocorticoids, a mainstay of asthma treatment (10,75,76). Occupational allergens such as chemicals, dusts, fumes, or other compounds can increase the risk of asthma onset or its exacerbation (77)(78)(79)(80)(81)(82)(83)). An earlier peer review concluded that controlling obesity and occupational exposures are among the best opportunities for asthma prevention (84).…”

Section: Example 13: Obesity Occupational Allergens and Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual heuristic models of the interrelationships between obesity and the occupational environment

Pandalai¹,

Schulte²,

Miller³

2013

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Pandalai SP, Schulte PA, Miller DB. Conceptual heuristic models of the interrelationships between obesity and the occupational environment. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2013;39(3):221-232. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3363 Objective Research and interventions targeting the relationship between work, its attendant occupational hazards, and obesity are evolving but merit further consideration in the public health arena. In this discussion paper, conceptual heuristic models are described examining the role of obesity as both a risk factor and health outcome in the occupational setting.Methods PubMed was searched using specific criteria from 2000 and onwards for evidence to support conceptual models in which obesity serves as a risk factor for occupational disease or an outcome of occupational exposures. Nine models are presented: four where obesity is a risk factor and five where it is an adverse effect.Results A broad range of work-related health effects are associated with obesity including musculoskeletal disorders, asthma, liver disease, and cardiovascular disease, among others. Obesity can be associated with occupational hazards such as shift work, sedentary work, job stress, and exposure to some chemicals. Conclusion Identification of combinations of risk factors pertinent to obesity in the occupational environmentwill provide important guidance for research and prevention.Key terms cardiovascular disease; diet; endocrine disruptor; intervention study; metabolism; musculoskeletal disease; occupational health; physical activity; risk assessment.1 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, USA.Correspondence to: Sudha P Pandalai, MD, PhD, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, Obesity is increasing worldwide with the 2009-2010 prevalence among US adults surpassing one-third (1, 2). Obesity is associated with genetic, behavioral, occupational, and environmental factors (3-5) and has significant economic impact (6). It is also associated with various health problems including musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), asthma, liver disease, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (7-10). Moreover, neurohormonal and endocrine pathway disruption has been associated with obesity (11,12). Work factors, including sedentary work and taskrelated biomechanics, have been reported as risks for obesity (13)(14)(15). Variables such as irregular work hours/ sleep schedules, job stress, workplace absenteeism, and reduced productivity also contribute (16)(17)(18)(19).Although the related literature is growing, obesity in the occupational environment requires more study, for example, regarding low-wage workers and genes or other factors (20,21). Body mass index (BMI), a measure of obesity, varies by population, race, gender, and socioeconomic class (22)(23)(24). Genetics may account for ≥40% of the variation in BMI (25), but such estimates can depend on the variability of environ...

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“…Non-IgE-mediated occupational rhinitis can be induced by LMW chemicals (e.g., isocyanates, persulfate salts, woods) acting as haptens for which the allergic mechanism has not yet been fully characterized [1 ]. There is some agreement that chemical respiratory allergy is commonly associated with a selective T helper 2 (Th2) cell immune response, and it is now well established that Th2-type immune responses support and sustain IgE antibody responses [40 ]. Where there remains real controversy is to what extent IgE antibody is associated with, and required for, chemical respiratory allergy, since not uncommonly symptomatic patients with diagnosed occupational asthma, or occupational rhinitis, lack detectable IgE antibody.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%