Chemical and physical effects on lean blowout in a swirl-stabilized single-cup combustor

Colborn, Jennifer; Heyne, Joshua S.; Stouffer, Scott D.; Hendershott, Tyler; Corporan, Edwin

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.119

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Further, when operated at representative flight idle conditions, the RR exhibits the same LBO dependencies on fuel properties (derived cetane number) as the GE9X full annular rig (GE9X-FAR) at similar operating conditions. Moreover, it has been observed that when the GE9X-FAR is operated at lower temperature, the LBO phenomenon is not governed primarily by derived cetane number, but rather by a combination of chemical and physical fuel properties, consistent with previous work (Colborn et al, 2020) probing the transition in operating conditions space, between evaporation-governed LBO and chemistry-governed LBO in the RR.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The random forest statistical analysis approach used in this work has been described previously (Peiffer et al, 2019;Colborn et al, 2020). In summary, the method employs random sampling and replacement to decrease overfitting and allows for one dependent variable (e.g., LBO or ignition performance) to be evaluated against multiple independent variables (e.g., fuel properties) (Hastie et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments performed in the RR were completed at the Air Force Research Laboratory located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, and have been published elsewhere (Hendershott et al, 2018;Colborn et al, 2020). The Referee Rig is a non-proprietarty, single-cup, swirl-stabilized combustor designed by GE (this article's correspondance author) with input from four other leading engine manufacturers to simulate representative aerodynamic characteristics of both legacy and emerging, swirl-stabilized, combustors (Colket and Heyne, 2021).…”

Section: Referee Rig Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, closer examination of results in both the Referee Rig (RR) and a GE9X full annular combustor rig (GE9X-FAR) showed that fuel dependencies vary with operating conditions. Colborn et al (2020) showed that the relative LBO at 65°C and 107 kPa air temperature and pressure in the RR is dominated by the Ohnesorge number (Oh) at 2% ΔP/P, while at 6% ΔP/P the DCN dominates, with a smooth transition from one extreme to the other. Also, at 3.5% ΔP/P and 107 kPa, the fuel with the lowest DCN and most favorable atomization properties (labeled as C1) showed no sensitivity to air temperature between 65°C and 83°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing Alternative Jet Fuel Dependencies Between Combustors of Different Size and Mixing Approaches

2021

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Analyses used to reveal fuel dependencies on lean blow out and ignition at specific operating conditions in specific combustors show inconsistent trends with each other. Such variety is however consistent with the occurrence of transitions between the governing physical phenomena as the ratios between evaporation, mixing, or chemical time scales with their respective residence times also vary with specific operating conditions and combustor geometry. It is demonstrated here that the fuel dependencies on LBO in a large, single-cup, swirl-stabilized, rich-quench-lean combustor varies with operating conditions such that a feature importance match is attained to fuel dependencies observed in a much smaller combustor at one end of the tested range, while a qualitative match to fuel dependencies observed in a lean, premixed, swirler-stabilized combustor of comparable size at the other end of the tested range. The same reference combustor, when tested at cold conditions, is shown to exhibit similar fuel dependencies on ignition performance as the much smaller combustor, when tested at both cold and warm conditions. The practical significance of these findings is that a reference rig, such as the Referee Rig, can capture fuel performance trends of proprietary industry combustors by tailoring the inlet air and fuel temperatures of the tests. It is, therefore, a trustworthy surrogate for screening and evaluating sustainable aviation fuel candidates, reducing the dependency on proprietary industrial combustors for this purpose, thereby increasing transparency within the evaluation process while also expediting the process and reducing cost and fuel volume.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%