Chemical characteristics and source apportionment of PM 2.5 between heavily polluted days and other days in Zhengzhou, China

Jiang, Nan; Li, Qiang; Su, Fangcheng; Wang, Qun; Yu, Xue; Kang, Panru; Zhang, Ruiqin; Tang, Xiaoyan

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.006

Cited by 57 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The document described the different factors that affect atmospheric pollution, including the level of economic development, energy structure, industrial structure, and geographical location (solar radiation) in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Jing-Jin-Ji region. As the core city of CPER, Zhengzhou is characterized by severe PM (particulate matter) pollution (Jiang et al, 2017(Jiang et al, , 2018d and is thus selected for this study. In recent years, comprehensive PM research has been conducted on the chemical characteristics of PM in Zhengzhou (Jiang et al, 2018b; regarding source apportionment (Jiang et al, 2018c, e;Liu et al, 2019), health risks (Jiang et al, 2019a, b), and emission-source profiles (Dong et al, 2019;Jiang et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, sources, and reactions of nitrous acid during winter at an urban site in the Central Plains Economic Region in China

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Nitrous acid (HONO) in the core city of the Central Plains Economic Region in China was measured using an ambient ion monitor from 9 to 31 January 2019. Measurement time intervals were classified into the following periods in accordance with the daily mean values of PM2.5: clean days (CDs), polluted days (PDs), and severely polluted days (SPDs). The HONO concentrations during CD, PD, and SPD periods were 1.2, 2.3, and 3.7 ppbv, respectively. The contributions of the homogeneous reaction, heterogeneous conversion, and direct emissions to HONO sources varied under different pollution levels. The mean values of the net HONO production of the homogeneous reaction (POH+NOnet) in CD, PD, and SPD periods were 0.13, 0.26, and 0.56 ppbv h−1, respectively. The average conversions of NO2 (CHONO) in CD, PD, and SPD periods were 0.72×10-2, 0.64×10-2, and 1.54×10-2 h−1, respectively, indicating that the heterogeneous conversion of NO2 was less important than the homogeneous reaction. Furthermore, the net production of the homogeneous reaction may have been the main factor in the increase of HONO under high-NOx conditions (i.e., when the concentration of NO was higher than that of NO2) at nighttime. Daytime HONO budget analysis showed that the mean values of the unknown source (Punknown) during CD, PD, and SPD periods were 0.26, 0.40, and 1.83 ppbv h−1, respectively. The values of POH+NOnet, CHONO, and Punknown in the SPDs period were comparatively larger than those in other periods, indicating that HONO participated in many reactions. The proportions of nighttime HONO sources also changed during the entire sampling period. Direct emissions and a heterogeneous reaction controlled HONO production in the first half of the night and provided a contribution that is larger than that of the homogeneous reaction. The proportion of homogenization gradually increased in the second half of the night due to the steady increase in NO concentrations. The hourly level of HONO abatement pathways, except for OH + HONO, was at least 0.22 ppbv h−1 in the SPDs period. The cumulative frequency distribution of the HONOemission∕HONO ratio (less than 20 %) was approximately 77 %, which suggested that direct emission was not important. The heterogeneous HONO production increased when the relative humidity (RH) increased, but it decreased when RH increased further. The average HONO∕NOx ratio (4.9 %) was more than twice the assumed globally averaged value (2.0 %).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, sources, and reactions of nitrous acid during winter at an urban site in the Central Plains Economic Region in China

et al. 2020

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“…In summer, in addition to the cities in Shandong province, WSOC could also come from eastern Jiangsu province where intensive power plants and fossil-fuel based industries are located (Li et al, 2015). Additionally, the eastern region of Henan province where particle pollution was severe (Jiang et al, 2017;Jiang et al, 2018) could be another potential region of WSOC at YRDNNR. Since the clusters 2, 3 and 4 in winter and clusters 3 and 4 in summer all passed through the Bohai sea or the Yellow sea, the two seas might be identified as likely marine sources of WSOC.…”

Section: Temporal Variations Of Wsocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of airborne water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) at a background site of the North China Plain

Luo

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2020

Atmospheric Research

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Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), a significant part of organic carbon (OC) in fine particles, can alter the hygroscopic properties of aerosols and affect global climate change. In this study, PM 2.5 filter samples were collected in 2017 winter and summer to investigate the secondary formation, sources and light absorption properties of WSOC. The average WSOC/OC was 66% with the higher value in summer (74%). There are strong correlations between WSOC and secondary components like secondary organic carbon (SOC) and inorganic ions while the correlation between WSOC and EC was weak, indicating secondary formation contributed a dominant portion to WSOC at this site. Moreover, high aerosol liquid water (ALW) and particle acidity were found to enhance the secondary formation of WSOC. The sources of WSOC investigated with Positive Matrix Factorization model (PMF) demonstrated that secondary formation was dominated with 59.9% in winter and 77.9% in summer. The absorption Ångstrom exponents (AAE) were 6.88 in winter and 9.15 in summer. The MAE 365 in winter (1.32 m 2 g −1 ) was higher than that in summer (0.38 m 2 g −1 ), indicating the stronger light absorption ability of WSOC in winter. The radiative forcing of WSOC by light absorption corresponded to only 1-10% of that caused by EC. The potential source contribution function (PSCF) identified inland cities in Shandong province, eastern Henan and Jiangsu province as major source regions of WSOC. The findings from this study imply a critical role of secondary formation characteristics of WSOC at the regional background site of the North China Plain.

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“…The proportion of traffic (16%) was equal to the sum of coal burning (15%) and industrial factors (1%), and was double other sources (8%) and quadruple biomass burning (4%). After 2013, not only the contribution rates of secondary source (18%) and dust (18%) occupied an important position, but also that of traffic and industrial factors climbed to 18% and 21%, changing into another two important pollution sources [61,[114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122]. The percentage of coal burning dropped to 10%, while that of biomass burning (8%) was twice as much as before, equal to other sources and the largest in the same category in China.…”

Section: Major Source Of Haze Pm In Different Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

Wei

Wang

2019

Atmosphere

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In recent years, hazy weather (hazy weather (HW) has frequently invaded peoples’ lives in China, resulting in the disturbance of social operation, so it is urgent to resolve the haze pollution (HP) problem. A comprehensive understanding of HP is essential to further effectively alleviate or even eliminate it. In this study, HP characteristics in China, after 2013, were presented. It was found that the situation of HP is getting better year by year while it has been a pattern of high levels in the north and low levels in the south. In most regions of China, the contribution of a secondary source for HP is relatively large, and that of traffic is greater in the regions with rapid economic development. Hazards of HP were then summarized. Not only does HP cause harm to human health, but it also has effects on human production and quality of life, furthermore, property and atmospheric environment cannot be ignored. Next, the source and non-source control technologies of HP were first reviewed to recognize the weakness of HP control in China. This review provides more systematic information about HP problems and the future development directions of HP research were proposed to further effectively control HP in China.

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Chemical characteristics and source apportionment of PM 2.5 between heavily polluted days and other days in Zhengzhou, China

Cited by 57 publications

References 50 publications

Characteristics, sources, and reactions of nitrous acid during winter at an urban site in the Central Plains Economic Region in China

Characteristics, sources, and reactions of nitrous acid during winter at an urban site in the Central Plains Economic Region in China

Characteristics of airborne water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) at a background site of the North China Plain

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

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