Chemical characterization and source apportionment of aerosol over mid Brahmaputra Valley, India

Bhuyan, Pranamika; Deka, Pratibha; Prakash, Amit; Balachandran, S.; Hoque, Raza Rafiqul

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.009

Cited by 73 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) considered as one of the criteria air pollutants [1] is diverse and complex to understand in terms of source, morphology, composition, size distribution, and mixing state [2]. In India, most of the research studies on atmospheric PM have focused on the elemental composition of particles [3][4][5]. However, several researchers have investigated both the physical (shape and size) and elemental characteristics of atmospheric PM through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and SEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), respectively [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the source, morphology, and trace elements associated with atmospheric PM10 and human health risks due to inhalation of carcinogenic elements at Dehradun, an Indo-Himalayan city

2019

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To study the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric particulate matter over Dehradun city located along the foothills of the Himalayas, both in situ and satellite-based observations were utilized in the present research. Ambient respirable suspended particles denoted by PM 10 (atmospheric particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 10 µm) was measured during 2016-2017. The morphology and elemental characteristics of PM 10 was studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. The 24-h mean ± standard deviation of PM 10 was observed to be 158.6 ± 33.4 µg/m 3 , which is more than 2 times the permissible limit of World Health Organization (50 µg/m 3). Microscopic analysis revealed particles with irregular, porous, rounded, flaky, chain and branched structures indicating various types such as tar balls, soot, crystalline and biogenic particles. The frequently found particle types were investigated for the atomic percentage contribution, which revealed vehicular exhaust, industrial emission, biomass burning, and crustal/dust re-suspension as the chief source of PM 10. To delineate the source and transport pathway of air masses converging over the city, 24-h air mass back trajectories were associated with MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer derived fire spots, geographical location of cement manufacturing and thermal power plants in the vicinity of monitoring site. Excess cancer risk due to inhalation of Lead particles (mean = 0.159 µg/m 3) associated with PM 10 was 0.16 × 10 −6 , which is well below the safe limit (1 × 10 −6) framed by the United States Environment Protection Agency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the source, morphology, and trace elements associated with atmospheric PM10 and human health risks due to inhalation of carcinogenic elements at Dehradun, an Indo-Himalayan city

2019

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“…Metrosep A Supp 5 250/4.0 and the cation column Metrosep C4-150/4.0 were used with standard protocols for analyses of anions and cations, respectively (Bhuyan et al 2016(Bhuyan et al , 2018.…”

Section: Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, during the monsoon, a large volume of crustal debris, which is carried by the runoff water from the hills, settled on the roads. Following the rainy days, the sunny, dry days allow the dust to dry and moving vehicles then suspend the dry debris into the air (Bhuyan et al, 2018). This process is more pronounced in the case of unpaved village roads where the rain loosens the surface of the road leading to greater release of crustal matter from such roads on dry days.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Chemistry and Sources of Precipitation Ions in the mid-Brahmaputra Valley of Northeastern India

Bhuyan¹,

Ahmed²,

Hopke³

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…OA is composed of thousands of different chemical species and is difficult to study due to a variety of sources and processes. Black carbon (BC), another important component of PM1, is a product of incomplete combustion and is recognised as one of the main climate-forcing components (Bond and Bergstrom, 2006;Lack et al, 2014). Moreover, the WHO, in the health effects of BC report, states that while there was no clear evidence of BC directly affecting human health, it may however work as a medium to transport a wide variety of chemical species of varying toxicities (Janssen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Receptor modelling tools have been used in aerosol source apportionment studies in India, such as chemical mass balance, principal component analysis and positive matrix factorization (PMF) (Tiwari et al, 2013;Bhuyan et al, 2018;Jain et al, 2018b;Gadi et al, 2019;Shivani et al, 2019;Jain et al, 2020). PMF has been shown to be a useful tool to determine OA sources from aerosol mass spectrometer measurements across the northern hemisphere (Ng et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM<sub>1</sub> composition and source apportionment at two sites in Delhi, India across multiple seasons

Reyes-Villegas

Panda

Darbyshire

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Air pollution in urban environments has been shown to have a negative impact on air quality and human health, particularly in megacities. Over recent decades, Delhi, India has suffered high atmospheric pollution, with significant particulate matter (PM) concentrations as result of anthropogenic activities. Organic aerosols (OA) are composed of thousands of different chemical species and are one of the main constituents of submicron particles. However, quantitative knowledge of OA composition, their sources and processes in urban environments is still limited. This is important particularly in India, as Delhi is a massive, inhomogeneous conurbation, which we would expect that the apportionment and concentrations will vary depending on where in Delhi the measurements/source apportionment is performed, indicating the need of multi-site measurements. This study presents the first multisite analysis carried out in India over different seasons, with a focus on identifying OA sources. The measurements were taken during 2018 at two sites in Delhi, India. One site was located at the India Meteorological Department, New Delhi (ND). The other site was located at the Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, Old Delhi (OD). Non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) concentrations (ammonium, nitrate, sulphate, chloride and organic aerosols) of four aerosol mass spectrometers were analysed. Collocated measurements of VOC, black carbon, NOx and CO were performed. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis was performed to separate the organic fraction, identifying a number of conventional factors: hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) related to traffic emissions, biomass burning OA (BBOA), cooking OA (COA) and secondary OA (SOA). A composition-based estimate of PM1 is defined by combining BC and NR-PM1 (C-PM1 = BC + NR-PM1). No significant difference was observed on C-PM1 concentrations between sites; OD (142 ± 117 µg m−3) compared to ND (123 ± 71 µg m−3), from post-monsoon measurements. A wider variability was observed between seasons, where pre-monsoon and monsoon showed C-PM1 concentrations lower than 60 µg m−3. A seasonal variation in C-PM1 composition was observed; SO42− showed a high contribution over pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons while NO3− and Cl− had a higher contribution in winter and post-monsoon. The main primary aerosol source was from traffic, which is consistent with the PMF analysis and aethalometer model analysis. Thus, in order to reduce PM1 concentrations in Delhi through local emission controls traffic emissions control offers the greatest opportunity. PMF-AMS mass spectra will help to improve future aerosol source apportionment studies. The information generated in this study increases our understanding of PM1 composition and OA sources in Delhi, India. Furthermore, the scientific findings provide significant information to strengthen legislation that aims to improve air quality in India.

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Chemical characterization and source apportionment of aerosol over mid Brahmaputra Valley, India

Cited by 73 publications

References 91 publications

Investigation of the source, morphology, and trace elements associated with atmospheric PM10 and human health risks due to inhalation of carcinogenic elements at Dehradun, an Indo-Himalayan city

Investigation of the source, morphology, and trace elements associated with atmospheric PM10 and human health risks due to inhalation of carcinogenic elements at Dehradun, an Indo-Himalayan city

Understanding the Chemistry and Sources of Precipitation Ions in the mid-Brahmaputra Valley of Northeastern India

PM<sub>1</sub> composition and source apportionment at two sites in Delhi, India across multiple seasons

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Chemical characterization and source apportionment of aerosol over mid Brahmaputra Valley, India

Cited by 73 publications

References 91 publications

Investigation of the source, morphology, and trace elements associated with atmospheric PM10 and human health risks due to inhalation of carcinogenic elements at Dehradun, an Indo-Himalayan city

Investigation of the source, morphology, and trace elements associated with atmospheric PM10 and human health risks due to inhalation of carcinogenic elements at Dehradun, an Indo-Himalayan city

Understanding the Chemistry and Sources of Precipitation Ions in the mid-Brahmaputra Valley of Northeastern India

PM&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; composition and source apportionment at two sites in Delhi, India across multiple seasons

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PM<sub>1</sub> composition and source apportionment at two sites in Delhi, India across multiple seasons