Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Aloe vera from the Pica Oasis (Tarapacá, Chile) by UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap/MS/MS

Abstract

e chemical composition of Aloe vera growing in the small town of San Andrés de Pica, an oasis of warm waters and typical fruits, located in Tamarugal province in the Northern Chilean region of Tarapacá is reported. e chemical characterization was performed using liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to PDA and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HESI-Q-Orbitrap ® -MS) in four different plant parts of Aloe (peel, flowers, gel, and roots). Twenty-five phenolic compounds were identified, including cinnamic acids and other derivatives (e.g., caffeic and chlorogenic acids), chromones (e.g., aloesin and isoaloeresin D), anthracene compounds and derivatives (e.g., aloin A/B and emodin), and several C-flavonoids (e.g., orientin and isovitexin), among others. Total antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts of the peels, flowers, gel, and roots was measured as the capturing of the DPPH • and ABTS •+ radicals, while the iron-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was measured by spectroscopic methods. e peel had the highest antioxidant activity with values of 2.43 mM ET/g MF (DPPH • ), 34.32 mM ET/g MF (ABTS •+ ), and 3.82 mM ET/g MF (FRAP). According to our results, the peel is the best part of the plant for the production of nutraceuticals or cosmetics products for its greatest number of bioactive compounds. is is a new and innovative finding since the only part used in traditional medicine is the gel of Aloe, and the peel is generally considered waste and discarded.

Encapsulation of Bioactive Compounds from Aloe Vera Agrowastes in Electrospun Poly (Ethylene Oxide) Nanofibers

“…The ABTS assay was performed according to Quispe et al [25]. The ABTS radical cation was produced by mixing the ABTS solution (7 mM) with 2.45 mM potassium persulfate in a 1:1 ratio and allowing the mixture to stand in the dark at room temperature for 12 h. The ABTS working solution was obtained by diluting with aqueous ethanol (80%, v/v) to a final absorbance of 1.00 ± 0.01 at 734 nm.…”

“…The ATR-FTIR spectra of AVE and PEO and PEO/AVE nanofibers are shown in Figure 2. AVE is a complex mixture of bioactive compounds that are naturally present in Aloe Vera and it might include different aromatic and phenolic groups (flavonoids, cinnamic acids and derivatives, chromones, anthracene compounds, among others) [24,25]. The FTIR spectrum of AVE displayed the characteristic broad band of phenolic compounds at 3330 cm −1 corresponding to stretching modes of the different −OH groups.…”

“…The Aloe Vera peel has not been fully investigated compared to the inner gel, but some studies have reported that this tissue could be an interesting source of active compounds with antioxidant and/or antimicrobial activity. This could be potentially be used as food additive, in active food packaging formulations or in the biomedical field for wound dressing or tissue engineering uses [24,25].…”

The Effect of Botanical Extracts Obtained through Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction on White Head Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea L. Var. Capitata L.) Seedlings Grown under Controlled Conditions

“…Aloe Aloe vera L. Burm. f. Vitamins (A, C, E, B1, B2, B6, B9, B12), choline, enzymes (aliiase, alkaline phosphate, amylase, bradykinase, carboxypeptidase, catalase, cellulose, lipase, peroxidase), minerals (Ca, Cr, Cu, Se, Mg, Mn, K, Na, Zn, Fe, P), sugars: monosaccharides (glucose, fructose), polysaccharides (glucomannans/polymannose), anthraquinones (aloin, emodin), fatty acids (cholesterol, campesterol, β-sisosterol, lupeol), hormones (auxins, gibberellins), amino acids (A, R, D, E, G, H, I, L, K, M, F, P, T, Y, V), proteins (lectins), salicylic acid, lignin, saponins, carbohydrates (pure mannan, acetylated mannan, cellulose, pectic substance, xylan) [32][33][34] Aronia Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliott Carbohydrate (glucose, fructose, sucrose, sorbitol), dietary fibre (pectins), fat, proteins, organic acids (l-malic acid, citric acid, isocitric acid, tartaric acid, quinic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid), vitamins (C, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, E, K), minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, I), phytochemicals (carotenoids: β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin; phenols; amygdalin), nitrate, nitrite [35][36][37] Red beet Beta vulgaris L. subs. vulgaris Nitrate, phenolics (flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenolic amides), vitamins (A, B), carotenoids, betalains (betacyanins: betanin, isobetanin; betaxanthins: vulgaxanthin I, vulgaxanthin II, indicaxanthin), minerals (Mg, Na, K, P, Ca), sugars, proteins, fibre [38][39][40] Horsetail Equisetum arvense L.…”

Potency of aloe extract as immunostimulant for carp (Cyprinus carpio) against Aeromonas salmonicida

“…This plant, according to Sahu et al (2013), contains amino acid, enzyme, hormone, mineral, saponin, flavonoid, polyphenol, and tannin. Quispe et al (2018) added that compounds of the aloe plant consist of phenols in the form aloe-emodin, isoquercitrin, and chrysophanol. The administration of aloe plant as immunostimulant given through soaking can be done on 15 g-fish fries.…”