CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BORAGE (Borago officinalis L.) SEEDS

Abstract

Recently the interest in borage seeds (mericarps) as an important source of γ-linolenic acid and a good natural antioxidant has increased, yet the knowledge about these properties of seeds developed by borage grown in Poland remains very scanty. Seeds collected from borage plants cultivated in the south-eastern region of Poland in the years 2017 and 2018 were characterized by following parameters: length – 5.0 mm, width – 2.7–2.8 mm, thickness 2.2 mm, weight of 1000 seeds – 17.2-19.4 g. The seeds contained 93.7% of dry matter, and in this 32.0% of lipids, 23.7% of protein and 1.1–1.8% of total sugars on average. Seventeen compounds were identified in the lipids with linoleic acid (35.1%), oleic + elaidic acids (20.8%), γ-linolenic acid (17.9%), palmitic acid (11.4%), stearic acid (5.3%), cis 11-eicosenoic acid (4.1%), and erucic acid (2.6%) as major ones. Other fatty acids constituted less than 2%. Saturated fatty acids constituted 17.5% of the total fatty acids. Flavonoids and phenolic acids accounted for 0.012% and 1.60–1.73% of seeds dry weight respectively. Antioxidant activity measured by FRAP assay and Folin – Ciocalteau method accounted for 1225 µmol of ferrous equivalent Fe (II) and 29.7 mg of polyphenols per gram of seeds dry weight respectively. Using antiradical activity against DPPH radical following average parameters were obtained: T 50% – 49 sec., DPPH rem % – 73.7, AE – 0.024 dm3∙(µmol∙s)–1. 100 g of seeds d.w. contained 0.27–0.34 ml of essential oil. Content of four macroelements expressed as % of seeds d. w. was following: P – 0.70, K – 0.48, Ca – 1.37 and Mg – 0.41.

Kuraklık Stresi Altında Borago officinalis L.'de Antioksidan Savunma Sistemi

“…Previous studies about Borago officinalis L. have focused on plant-pollinator interactions under temperature and water stress (Descamps et al, 2018), chemical composition and antioxidant activity in leaves (Borowy et al, 2017;Zemmouri et al, 2019), flowers (Mohajer et al, 2016;Borowy et al, 2017;Fernandes et al, 2019) and seeds (Borowy and Kapłan, 2020). Moreover, salt stress effects on growth, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities (Jaffel et al, 2011;Torabi et al, 2015) were also evaluated.…”

Borago Officinalis L.: A Review Oon Extraction, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Activities

“…Hexane, chloroform, methanol Fatty acid, tocopherols, chlorophyll content, carotenoid content Antioxidant activity [39] Soxhlet/direct steam distillation Hexane, water Flavonoids, phenolic acids, fatty acids Antioxidant activity [40] Soxhlet/Supercritical fluid extraction Hexane Fatty acids NA [41] NA NA NA Anti-obesity activity [42] Supercritical fluid extraction Ethanol Fatty acids NA [43] Caprylic acid methyl ester Fatty acids NA [44] NA Fatty acids…”

Industrial oilseed crops in Chile: Current situation and future potential

“…6 Its utilization as an alternative crop to evening primrose oil (Oenothera biennis L.), which is the main source of this fatty acid, has been evaluated. 24 The advantage of borage as a γ-linolenic acid source is its higher content compared with primrose oil; 76 however, borage oil contains erucic acid, Table 3. Fatty alcohol profile of jojoba oil.…”