Chemical Composition and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of the Essential Oil of Hyssopus officinalis L

Abstract

Background:Medicinal plants and their extracts are extensively used in nutrition, medicine and food industry. These plants are considered the most important natural antimicrobial antioxidants since they provide rich sources of phenolic compounds, and if resuscitated, they prevent the oxidation process. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Hyssopus officinalis essential oil as a chemical preservative. Methods: The Hyssopus officinalis plant was collected from the mountainous regions of Kurdistan, Iran. The essential oil was extracted through distillation and analyzed and its components were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant effect was evaluated using the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging method. The antimicrobial property was assessed using the standard microdilution method to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results:The major components of Hyssopus officinalis essential oil were found to be camphor (23.61%) and β-pinene (21.91%). The obtained results showed that the total phenolic content of this species was 23.16 mg of gallic acid per gram of the essential oil and its IC50 was 11.22 µg/mL. MIC obtained for Escherichia coli was 156.25 and MBC 312.5 µg/mL, while these figures were respectively 312.5 and 625 µg/mL for Listeria monocytogenes. Conclusions:The results obtained indicate the antioxidant activity and antimicrobial power of Hyssopus officinalis essential oil against pathogenic microorganisms. This essence can be used as an antimicrobial substance and a natural antioxidant in pharmaceutical and food industries.

COVID-19, health recovery by medicinal plants (health solutions): An overview

“…Since the Plants with high potential from secondary metabolites and compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids [3][4][5] , may be able to help and improve the recovery of patients, therefore in this study we reviewed the properties of 12 herbal extracts or infusions among 50 plant species which could have improved recovery quality in COVID-19 affected patients. The method of plant selection was based on past studies, active ingredients and therapeutical properties on viruses [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] .…”

“…One-third of the HCP used a single source of information. HCP agreed on the importance of an e-learning app and their expectations regarding its content and utility of this were classified as follows, on a 10 point scale: obtaining an answer quickly while facing poisoning cases (8), finding the information required as fast as possible (8), recognizing the common syndromes (8), assessing the seriousness (8), knowing the routine dosage and their interpretation (7) and managing the case on their own (7). One-third of the respondents did not want to pay for a clinical toxicology app (35%) and more than one-third accepted to pay only if it includes certified training for continuing medical education (40%).…”

The Genus Hyssopus: Traditional Use, Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Properties

“…Many publications are devoted to the study of the species H. officinalis L. growing in European, Asian and African countries. The component composition and quantitative content of various constituents in essential oils may vary depending on soil, climatic and genetic factors [ 12 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]; however, the main ketones that are characteristic of this species are pinocamphone 1 and cis-pinocamphone 2 (their relative content varies ranging from 2.94 to 63.55%; these components are in dynamic equilibrium), α-pinene 3 and β-pinene 4 , sabinene 5 , myrcene 6 , phellandrene 7 , linalool 8 , myrtenol 9 , elemol 10 and germacrene-D 11 ( Figure 1 ).…”

Control of Seed-Borne Fungi by Selected Essential Oils

“…Essential oils, due to their broad applicability in various industries, like pharmacy or food industries, have received much attention [23,24]. Furthermore, more comprehensive studies of essential oils revealed their potential in environmental-friendly horticultural disease management as they have antiseptic, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties [25,26]. Additionally, essential oils, as secondary metabolites, exhibit high plant defence effects, are non-toxic, biodegradable, and limit pathogenic organisms [24,27].…”