Chemical Composition and Flexural Strength Discrepancies Between Milled and Lithography‐Based Additively Manufactured Zirconia

Revilla‐León, Marta; Husain, Nadin Al‐Haj; Barmak, Abdul Basir; Pérez-López, Javier; Raigrodski, Ariel J.; Özcan, Mutlu

doi:10.1111/jopr.13482

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A total of 16 in vitro studies were included in the qualitative analysis 35,42‐45,47,58‐67 43,45,58–61,66,67 alumina (3 studies)], 35,42,62 hardness [zirconia (2 studies), 58,64 alumina (2 studies)], 35,62 fracture toughness [zirconia (1 study), 64 alumina (2 studies)], 35,62 morphology [zirconia (2 studies), 58,64 alumina (1 study)], 62 roughness [zirconia, (2 studies)], 58,64 Weibull distribution [zirconia (2 studies), 59,61 alumina (2 studies)], 62,42 density [zirconia (2 studies)], 61,64 sintering shrinkage [zirconia (2 studies)], 61,42 structure [zirconia (4 studies)], 44,61,64,67 fracture resistance [zirconia (2 studies)], 47,65 load bearing capacity [zirconia (1 study)], 63 wettability [zirconia (1 study)], 64 biocompatibility [zirconia (1 study)], 64 elastic modulus [zirconia (1 study)], 44 and chemical composition [zirconia (2 studies)] 61,43 (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meta‐analysis was performed for the flexural strength parameter with 7 out of the 11 studies that reported on flexural strength 42,43,45,58‐60,67 . Three studies were excluded because they had no control group, 61,62,66 and 1 study used a different testing method (biaxial flexural strength) 35 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other study reported far higher flexural strength than what is reported in similar literature. The authors speculated that this could be related to improvements in AM ceramics manufacturing procedures, slurry composition and viscosity, and debinding and sintering protocols 43 . For the study on alumina, only one other study investigated similar material (alumina) and reported different results with higher flexural strength of SM 35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, materials with high porosity are considered less favorable as this enhances plaque retention. Porosity and crystalline structure were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy in 7 studies 35,43,44,58,61,64,67 . Porosity was predominantly observed with AM ceramics 35,43,44,61,64,67 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Color match, accuracy, and physical and mechanical properties are important factors for the clinical success and longevity of indirect restorations 31–40 . Several studies have investigated the AM of ceramics for dental restorations 12,22,30,41–47 . The authors are unaware of a systematic review on the effect of using AM for dental ceramic fabrications.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Additive Manufacturing of Dental Ceramics: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Hamad

Al-Rashdan

Ayyad

et al. 2022

Journal of Prosthodontics

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The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of using additive manufacturing (AM) for dental ceramic fabrication in comparison with subtractive manufacturing (SM), and to evaluate the effect of the type of AM technology on dental ceramic fabrication. Materials and methods: A search was conducted electronically in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Cochran Library databases, and also by other methods (table of contents screening, backward and forward citations, and grey literature search) up to February 12, 2022, to identify records evaluating additive manufacturing of ceramics for dental purposes in comparison with subtractive manufacturing. A minimum of 2 review authors conducted tstudy selection, quality assessment, and data extraction. Quality assessment was performed with Joanna Briggs Institute tool, and the quantitative synthesis was performed with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis program (CMA, Biostat Inc). Hedges's g for effect size was calculated, with 0.2 as small, 0.5 as medium, and 0.8 as large. Heterogeneity was assessed with I 2 and prediction interval (PI) statistics. Publication bias was investigated with funnel plots and grey literature search. Certainty of evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations: Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Results: A total of 28 studies were included for the qualitative and quantitative synthesis; 11 in vitro studies on accuracy, 1 in vivo study on color, and 16 in vitro studies on physical and mechanical properties. Meta-analysis showed overall higher accuracy for SM compared with AM, with medium effect size (0.679, CI: 0.173 to 1.185, p = 0.009) and also for marginal (g = 1.05, CI: 0.344 to 1.760, p = 0.004), occlusal (g = 2.24, CI: 0.718 to 3.766, p = 0.004), and total (g = 4.544, CI: -0.234 to 9.323, p = 0.062) with large effect size; whereas AM had higher accuracy than SM with small effect size for the external (g = -0.238, CI: -1.215 to 0.739), p = 0.633), and internal (g = -0.403, CI: -1.273 to 0.467, p = 0.364) surfaces. For technology, self-glazed zirconia protocol had the smallest effect size (g = -0.049, CI: -0.878 to 0.78, p = 0.907), followed by stereolithography (g = 0.305, CI: -0.289 to 0.9, p = 0.314), and digital light processing (g = 1.819, CI: 0.662 to 2.976, p = 0.002) technologies. Flexural strength was higher for ceramics made by SM in comparison to AM with large effect size (g = -2.868, CI: -4.371 to -1.365, p < 0.001). Only 1 study reported on color, favoring ceramics made through combined AM and SM. Conclusions: Subtractive manufacturing had better overall accuracy, particularly for the marginal and occlusal areas, higher flexural strength, and more favorable hardness, fracture toughness, porosity, fatigue, and volumetric shrinkage; whereas AM had

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Additive Manufacturing of Dental Ceramics: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Hamad

Al-Rashdan

Ayyad

et al. 2022

Journal of Prosthodontics

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Zirconia: More and More Translucent

Hjerppe

Özcan

2023

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Purpose of Review Yttria-stabilized zirconium dioxide, 3 mol% Y-TZP (zirconia, 3Y-TZP) was introduced as a prosthetic material to provide metal-free, tooth-colored, and durable material option for the patients. However, its optical properties are not ideal. This review describes the different strategies to increase translucency of zirconia material and summarizes the current knowledge of translucent zirconia for fixed prosthodontic applications. Recent Findings One of the most common ways of increasing the translucency of zirconia is to add the cubic phase by increasing Y2O3 content. Y2O3 4Y mol% and Y2O3 5Y mol% partially stabilized zirconia materials seem to have better optical properties compared to 3Y-TZP materials but with less favorable mechanical properties. Summary Despite the attempts to develop a translucent zirconia material, its optical properties are still far from those of natural tooth structures. Possible solution for achieving more translucent and durable zirconia material could be utilizing nanocrystalline zirconia. The production of nanocrystalline zirconia is yet very technique-sensitive, and the sintering process needs to be well controlled. Additional research in this field is needed before recommendation for clinical use. In the future, the challenge will be in achieving balance between improved translucency without sacrificing from mechanical properties. This would apply not only for subtractive but also additively manufactured zirconia ceramics.

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Digital light processing 3D printing of yttria stabilized zirconia ceramics: microstructures, characterizations, and cytocompatibility

Wadle,

Krishnan,

Wall

et al. 2024

emergent mater.

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Chemical Composition and Flexural Strength Discrepancies Between Milled and Lithography‐Based Additively Manufactured Zirconia

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Additive Manufacturing of Dental Ceramics: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Additive Manufacturing of Dental Ceramics: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Zirconia: More and More Translucent

Digital light processing 3D printing of yttria stabilized zirconia ceramics: microstructures, characterizations, and cytocompatibility

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