Chemical composition and nutritional properties of freshwater and marine microalgal biomass cultured in photobioreactors

Abstract

Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions? Contact the NRC Publications Archive team atPublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. NRC Publications Record / Notice d'Archives des publications de CNRC:http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/view/object/?id=b8564d17-860a-4eb5-80c6-fd741c419b07 http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=b8564d17-860a-4eb5-80c6-fd741c419b07 Abstract Proximate, amino acid and elemental composition, total phenolic content (TPC), and in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of microalgal biomass were determined. Microalgae contained low to moderate ash (5-17 %), moderate to high carbohydrate (18-46 %), crude protein (18-46 %), high crude lipid (12-48 %), and energy (19-27 MJ kg −1 ). Characteristic of microalgae, non-essential amino acids (AAs), aspartic and glutamic acids, were predominant (20-30 % of protein; 8-12 % of dry weight). Microalgae had favorable essential AA profiles with high essential amino acid (EAA) indices (0.9-1.2). Expressed as gE A A1 0 0gp r o t e i n −1 , Porphyridium aerugineum was rich in leucine (11.9), lysine (8.0), arginine (8.6), and tryptophan (3.3); Nannochloropsis granulata (A) in leucine (11.0), lysine (8.5), and tryptophan (2.8); Tetraselmis chuii and Botryococcus braunii in arginine (9.4 and 20.5, respectively); and Phaeodactylum tricornutum in lysine (6.4) and tryptophan (2.6). Mineral compositions (%) were calcium (0.1-3.0), magnesium (0.3-0.7), phosphorous (0.7-1.5), potassium (0.7-2.4), sodium (0.8-2.7), and sulfur (0.4-1.4), and trace element compositions (mg kg −1 )we reco pp er(1 8 -102), iron (1,395-11,101), manganese (45-454), selenium (0-0.5), and zinc (28-64). Microalgae contained low TPC (6-13 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g −1 DW), except T. chuii (20 mg GAE g −1 DW). IVPD was high (>90 %) for B. braunii (A), P. aerugineum, and lipid-extracted N. granulata (B); mid-range (80-89 %) for P. tricornutum, N. granulata (A), B. braunii (B), Neochloris oleoabundans, T. chuii, and whole N. granulata (B); and lower (<80 %) for Acutodesmus dimorphus.M i c r o a l g a ls p e c i e sP. tricornutum, B. braunii, N. granulata,a n dT. chuii had high protein (40-52 %), IVPD (82-97 %), and digestible protein (35-50 %), comparable to plant proteins used in animal feeds and aquaculture.

Biochemical characterization of microalgal biomass from freshwater species isolated in Alberta, Canada for animal feed applications

“…EAA indices for algal biomass are rarely found in the published literature and have not been reported for most of the species studied here (with exception of Chlorella). The range we observed (0.86-1.10) agrees well with Brown and Jeffrey [69] and Tibbetts et al [70,71] who also reported moderate to high protein quality of other algal species (0.80-1.25). While EAA indices of biomass from C. vulgaris (0.92-0.93), M. reisseri (0.90-0.92) and N. bacillaris (0.86-1.07) were similar or exceeded that of soybean protein (0.9), Tetracystis sp.…”

In vitro digestion of microalgal biomass from freshwater species isolated in Alberta, Canada for monogastric and ruminant animal feed applications

“…This was surprising since it is well known that mild heating, such as that used in the present defatting process, generally increases protein digestibility of feed ingredients [30]. In fact, we previously demonstrated this effect with similar microalgal biomass that was defatted in the same manner and processing temperature of 150°C [14]. In that study; IVD of WAB using pancreatic digestive enzymes was either the same or higher in LEB and this was likely related to minor protein damage associated with thermal processing.…”

“…The limitations appears mostly related to low digestibility associated with rigid cells walls of some microalgae and reduced feed intake associated with poor palatability of diets supplemented with microalgae [1,26]; both of which may be overcome through advanced feed processing and rational diet formulation. Protein digestibility determined in vitro with variable digestive enzyme cocktails, assays conditions and sample preparation methods has been highly variable; ranging from 27 to 97% [14]. The present study examined in vitro protein digestion using three assays with increasing sophistication from a simple chemical-only digestion assay to one consisting of chemical, gastric and pancreatic digestions.…”

“…Evaluation of nutritional quality in vivo is time-consuming and costly, while in vitro assays that involve simulated digestion of test ingredient suspensions with purified digestive enzymes or ruminal fluid allow screening of large numbers of samples with minimal use of animals [14]. While not fully definitive of whole animal response, these methods can complement biochemical composition data as they are relatively inexpensive, results are rapidly obtained using small sample sizes, they side-step animal palatability issues and they are generally regarded as effective tools for making predictions of potential nutritional quality for research and industrial use [15].…”

Anaerobic Co-digestion of the Energy Crop Sida hermaphrodita and Microalgae Biomass for Enhanced Biogas Production

“…In our study, the MB characteristics were set in the typical range reported in the literature, where microalgae contained 18-46% carbohydrate, 12-48% lipids, and 18-60% proteins (Tibbetts et al 2015). In algae biomass, the value of C/N ratio was generally below 10 (Ward et al 2014).…”