Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Essential Oil from Premna microphylla Turczaninow

Abstract

Premna microphylla Turczaninow, an erect shrub, was widely used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat dysentery, appendicitis, and infections. In this study, the essential oil from P. microphylla Turcz. was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC (Gas Chromatography) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer). Fifty-six compounds were identified in the oil which comprised about 97.2% of the total composition of the oil. Major components of the oil were blumenol C (49.7%), β-cedrene (6.1%), limonene (3.8%), α-guaiene (3.3%), cryptone (3.1%), and α-cyperone (2.7%). Furthermore, we assessed the in vitro biological activities displayed by the oil obtained from the aerial parts of P. microphylla, namely the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. For this, the IC50 value was estimated to be 0.451 mg/mL. The essential oil of P. microphylla exhibited considerable antibacterial capacity against Escherichia coli with an MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) value of 0.15 mg/mL, along with noticeable antibacterial ability against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus with an MIC value of 0.27 mg/mL. However, the essential oil did not show significant activity against fungus. The oil was tested for its cytotoxic activity towards HepG2 (liver hepatocellular cells) and MCF-7 Cells (human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide) assay, and exerted cytotoxic activity with an IC50 of 0.072 and 0.188 mg/mL for 72 h. In conclusion, the essential oil from P. microphylla is an inexpensive but favorable resource with strong antibacterial capacity as well as cytotoxic activity. Thus, it has the potential for utilization in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.

Comparison of Chemical Composition and Bioactivities of Essential Oils from Fresh and Dry Rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith

“…Antimicrobial tests were performed with seven microbial strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538P), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CMCC (B) 10104), Bacillus subtilis (CMCC (B) 63501), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Proteus vulgaris (CMCC (B) 49027), and Candida albicans (CMCC (F) 98001). Antimicrobial activities of FR-EO, DR-EO, and zerumbone were evaluated by using the disc agar diffusion assay reported previously [38] with minor modification. FR-EO, DR-EO, and zerumbone solutions were diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mg/mL).…”

Premna Species in Vietnam: Essential Oil Compositions and Mosquito Larvicidal Activities

“…On the other hand, other Premna species are particularly rich in low molecular weight alcohols such as 1-octen-3-ol in Premna barbata (37.3%) [ 53 ], P. latifolia (35.7%) [ 54 ], and Premna angolensis (28.0%) [ 51 ]. In contrast, the essential oil of Premna microphylla was dominated by the sesquiterpenoid derivative blumenol C (49.7%) [ 55 ].…”

“…The leaf essential oil of P. coriacea from Karnataka, India, was devoid of α-pinene, β-pinene, linalool, and β-selinene [ 49 ]. Likewise, the leaf oil from P. microphylla from Zhejiang Province, China, contained no α-pinene, β-pinene, linalool, ( E )-caryophyllene, or α-humulene [ 55 ]. Premna integrifolia leaf essential oil from Bangladesh did not show p -cymene, limonene, linalool, β-elemene, or β-selinene [ 46 ]; P. odorata leaf oil from Giza, Egypt, showed no α-pinene, β-pinene, p -cymene, limonene, β-elemene, or β-selinene [ 52 ]; P. angolensis leaf oil from Comé, Benin, contained no β-pinene or caryophyllene oxide, and P. quadrifolia from Comé, Benin, contained no α-pinene, limonene, or linalool [ 51 ].…”

Effect of Premna microphylla turcz leaves’ extract addition on physicochemical and antioxidant properties of packed tofu by lactic fermentation

“…Premna microphylla turcz is a Chinese traditional medicine, which is used extensively to treat infections, appendicitis and dysentery (Zhang et al , ). Meanwhile, leaves of P. microphylla are rich in low‐methoxyl pectin and have been used to prepare tofu‐like gel, called as “Guanyin doufu” or “green tofu” for a long history (Chen et al , ).…”